xenobiotic

GIs have various biological functions , such as pathogenicity , xenobiotic degradation , antibiotic resistance , ion uptake , secretion activities , and so on .

基因岛具有各种各样的生物学功能，如致病性、异源物质降解、抗生素抗性、离子摄取和分泌活性等。

However , the actual environmental concentrations of xenobiotic compounds are generally too low to lead to death of the organisms .

然而，环境中外源化合物的浓度普遍较低，往往无法导致生物体死亡。

Application of cryopreserved hepatocytes for evaluating drug xenobiotic metabolism

应用原代肝细胞冻存技术研究药物/异物代谢的现状

Microbial biocatalytic reactions and biodegradation pathways primarily for xenobiotic , chemical compounds .

微生物的催化反应与化合物的生物降解过程。

They play important roles in xenobiotic detoxification , and pheromone degradation , neurogenesis and regulating development .

它在外源物的解毒，信息素的降解，神经发生和发育调节等方面起着重要的作用。

This regulation may also involve in the detoxification and degradation of others insecticides , xenobiotic or environmental pollutants .

这种调控作用还可能涉及到其它有毒化合物质，异生质及环境污染物的去毒和降解。

Study on the Anaerobic Biodegradability and Toxicity of Xenobiotic Nitrophenols

有毒难降解有机物-硝基酚的厌氧生物降解性和毒性研究

Apparently most degradation of these xenobiotic compounds occurs after active growth , during the secondary metabolic lignin degradation phase .

显而易见，大多数异生物质的降解发生在活性生长之后，次级代谢木质素降解阶段。

Applications of HPLC and LC-MS techniques for the determination of nutritious and xenobiotic substances in foods were reviewed .

综述了近年来高效液相色谱和液相色谱质谱联用技术在食品工业上的应用。

The Acclimation Behavior of Nitrifying Activated Sludge Treated with Wastewater Containing Xenobiotic Organics and Ammonium Nitrogen by Membrane Bioreactors

MBR在处理外源性有机物与氨氮废水中硝化污泥的驯化特性研究

More and more studies have shown that xenobiotic compounds at sublethal doses could induce a variety of toxicities on the organisms .

越来越多的研究表明，亚致死剂量外源化合物能对生物体产生多种毒性效应，危害生物体健康。

This organism also degrades a truly amazing range of xenobiotic compounds ( nonbiological foreign chemicals ) using both intracellular and extracellular enzymes .

这种细菌也利用胞内和胞外酶降解数量惊人的异生化合物（非生物来源的外来化学物质）。

When the material dimension achieves to nano-scale , the physicochemical properties would be changed significantly . Whereas the biological effect of xenobiotic is direct correlation with the physicochemical properties .

物质达到纳米尺度时，其理化特性会发生较大的变化，而外源性物质的生物学效应与物质本身的物理化学性质直接相关。

CONCLUSION Tobacco smoke exposure during the pregnancy results in the mRNA expression alterations of several CYPs closely related to xenobiotic metabolism both in maternal liver and placenta .

结论孕期烟雾暴露可影响孕大鼠肝脏和胎盘中一些与外源物代谢密切相关的CYP同工酶表达。

In recent years , much attention has been focused on the potential for a wide range of xenobiotic chemicals to interact with and disrupt the endocrine systems of animal and human populations .

近年来，有关外源性化合物对动物和人内分泌系统的干扰进行了广泛的研究。

Use of precision-cut liver slices ( PCLS ) as a valuable tool for studies of xenobiotic ( drug and toxicant ) metabolism and toxicity in vitro is increasing in recent years .

精密肝切片技术作为一种体外研究手段，近年来已广泛应用于异物（包括药物和毒物）代谢转化和毒理学的研究。

AIM : To establish the technique of precision-cut fibrotic liver slice ( PCLS ) and grope the optimal cultural conditions for researching the liver xenobiotic metabolism in vitro and the drug interaction .

目的：建立肝纤维化精密切片技术，摸索最佳体外培养条件，用于体外肝脏异物代谢和药物相互作用研究。

To date , SHP is implicated in the regulation of more than 40 diverse target genes involved in cholesterol / bile acid metabolism , lipogenesis , gluconeogenesis , xenobiotic drug metabolism and steroidogenesis .

迄今，已知涉及调节40多个不同的靶基因，这些靶基因主要涉及胆固醇/胆汁酸代谢，脂肪生成，糖异生，药物代谢及类固醇生成。

Nrf2 ( NF-E2 related factor ) plays an important role in participating in cellular antioxygen stress and the major defense mechanism induced by xenobiotic toxic substance , is a sensor protein of xenobiotic toxic substance and oxidative stress .

Nrf2（NF-E2relatedfactor）在参与细胞抗氧化应激和外源性有毒物质诱导的主要防御机制中发挥重要的作用，是外源性有毒物质和氧化应激的感受器。

Cytochrome P450 functions as the monooxygenase . P450s are involved in physiologically important processes including steroid metabolism , drug deactivation , procarcinogen activation , fatty acid metabolism , xenobiotic detoxification and wildly distributed in animal , plant and low eukaryotic organism .

细胞色素P450具有加单氧酶的作用，并能参与机体解毒、甾体激素的合成、脂肪酸代谢等重要的生理反应，并广泛分布于动物、植物和低等真核生物中。

Phase I enzyme cytochrome P450 ( CYP1A1 ) and phase II enzyme N-acetyltransferase 2 ( NAT2 ) are main enzymes which involve in the metabolism of xenobiotic . They were found to be distributed differently in different race , and their activity is obvious different in different individuals .

细胞色素P4501A1（CYP1A1）和N-乙酰基转移酶（NAT2）分别是参与外源性化学物质体内生物转化的重要的Ⅰ相和Ⅱ相解毒酶，它们在人群中的分布存在种族差异。

The comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences with GSTs from other species showed that the enzymes belonged to the pi-class and the amino acids defining the binding sites of glutathione ( G-site ) and for xenobiotic substrates ( H-site ) were highly conserved .

通过与其他物种氨基酸序列比对发现，这个GST属于Pi型，具有谷胱甘肽结合位点（G位点）和外源底物结合位点（H位点）的高度保守序列。