腭突

膜联蛋白I和胞浆磷脂酶A2在小鼠腭突融合中的表达

Observing the Distribution of Annexin I and cPLA_2 in the Palatal Process of Mice by Immunohistochemical Staining

P21~（cipl/wafl）基因在C57BL/6N系小鼠腭突发育中对细胞增殖周期的调控作用

The regulation of P21 cipl / wafl gene on the mesenchymal cell proliferation cycle during palatal process development in C57BL / 6N strain mouse

TGF-β1在C57BL/6N系小鼠腭突发育及腭裂形成中mRNA转录水平的改变和意义

The mRNA transcription of TGF - β 1 during development of normal palate and cleft palate in C57BL / 6 N strain mouse

结论TGF－β1是腭突间充质细胞增殖的正向调控分子。

Conclusion The expression of TGF - β 1 is associated with the proliferation of mesenchymal cell and the growth of palate .

但是在胚胎发育过程中，尤其是腭突的发育过程中Bcl-2对于发育的调节作用及其与维甲酸的作用关系目前还知之甚少。

But little is known about what effect Bcl-2 has on palate development and what effect RA has on Bcl-2 in palate development .

MTHFR基因沉默对小鼠胚胎腭突间充质细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

MTHFR gene silencing affects mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal cell proliferation and apoptosis

结论DEX显著促进腭突间充质细胞的增殖代谢，可能干扰腭突间充质细胞的正常生长代谢而影响了腭发育。

Conclusion DEX can stimulate proliferation and metabolism of EPM Cells , and may disturb the development of palatal shelves .

目的研究小鼠胚胎腭突间充质（EPM）细胞的生物学特性。

Objective To investigate the biological characteristics of mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal ( EPM ) cells in vitro .

然后应用Dispase酶消化离体腭突，纯化腭突胚胎间充质细胞。

Then the embryonic palatal shelves were incubated with Dispase and the isolated EPM cells were cultured .

方法在显微镜下解剖妊娠第13d的鼠胚腭突，用0.25%胰蛋白酶进行消化获得游离分散的EPM细胞，在DMEM培养基中进行培养，并采用反复贴壁法纯化EPM细胞。

Methods The mouse EPM cells were harvested from a female mouse of Day 13 of gestation by microsurgical dissection and digestion with 0.25 % trypsin . The isolated cells were cultured in DMEM medium .

目的：本研究旨在了解地塞米松（DEX）能否诱导胚鼠腭突细胞调亡，探讨地塞米松致腭裂畸形的机理。

Objective : The present study was designed to determine whether apoptosis in palatal processes of mouse embryo can be induced by dexamethasone ( DEX ), so as to provide a new point for explaining DEX how to induce cleft palate .

近年来一些研究表明，腭突中嵴上皮（MEE）细胞和腭胚间充质（EPM）细胞的增殖和凋亡对腭的正常发育具有重要作用，与腭裂的形成密切相关。

The role of crucial factors including the proliferation and apoptosis of medial edge epithelial ( MEE ) cells and embryonic palatal mesenchyme ( EPM ) cells is an essential event in palatogenesis and its failure can result in cleft palate .

维甲酸可能使MEE细胞在腭突接触融合前的关键时期失去了分裂增殖和分化的潜能，发育不良，使腭突不能接触融合。

RA possibly disabled MEE cells to proliferate and differentiate at the pivotal stage when palate shelves were to contact and fuse , MEE cells were dysplastic , and then both side of palatal shelves could not contact and fuse .

方法：应用Dispase酶4℃消化处理离体小鼠胚胎腭突18h，通过振荡法使上皮和间充质分离，吸去上皮片。

Methods : The dissected embryonic palatal shelves were incubated with Dispase at 4 ℃ for 18 hours , and then the organ rudiments were agitated , a small-bore pipette was used to separate the loosened epithelium from mesenchymal .

在维甲酸诱导腭裂组中，主要表达在血管周围及骨化中心周围的未分化间充质中，CD57在腭突远中端有较强阳性表达，在上皮中均未见表达。

In the retinoic acid induced cleft palate group , mainly expressed in the undifferentiated mesenchymal cells around the perivascular and ossification centers . CD57 has a strong positive expression in the distal end of palate . Both of the tow markers showed no expression in the epithelium . 2 .

视黄酸对胎鼠腭突融合的影响及其作用机制

Effects of all-trans retinoic acid on palatal fusion and its molecular mechanisms

地塞米松诱导胚鼠腭突细胞凋亡的形态学观察

Morphological changes of apoptosis in palatal shelf of mouse embryo induced by Dex

小鼠胚胎腭突间充质细胞的分离与体外培养方法研究

The study of separation and culture of mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells in vitro

地塞米松对A系小鼠胚腭突间充质细胞增殖代谢的影响

Effects of dexamethasone on the proliferation and metabolism of A / J mouse embryonic palate mesenchymal cells

目的：建立纯化原代培养的小鼠胚胎腭突间充质细胞的纯化方法。

Objective : To establish an effective purification method for primary culture of mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal ( EPM ) cells .

地塞米松及VitB（12）对A系小鼠胚腭突细胞表皮生长因子基因表达的影响

The Effects of Dexamethasone and VitB_ ( 12 ) on the EGF Gene Expression of A / J Mouse Embryonic Palatal Cells

背景与目的：建立先天性腭裂模型观察其形成过程中胚胎腭突细胞的超微结构改变。

BACKGROUND AND AIM : To observe the ultrastructure of embryonic palate cells during cleft palate formation using the model of congenital cleft palate .

结论：A系小鼠胚腭突上皮与间充质细胞联合培养模型能较好地保持体内胚腭突的上皮细胞及问充质细胞细胞成分的基本特征。

Conclusion : The mesenchymal and epithelial cells of A / J mouse embryonic palatal shelves in this combined culture system can keep their basic biological behavior .

结论：在腭突发育时期出现超出生理范围的细胞程序死亡，影响腭突以后形态、体积的发育，与腭裂形成有密切关系。

Conclusion : The proliferation of mesenchymal cells of the early developmental palate process may be inhibited due to the abnomal PCD in the formation of cleft palate .

在正常小鼠胚胎第14天，舌形态逐渐变为扁平并下降进入口腔之中，随之，双侧腭突发生水平向的转动并朝中线方向延伸、接触并发生融合。

At day 14 mouse embryos , tongue become flat gradually and then dropped into the mouth , after that the lateral palate take a rotation and extend toward the horizontal line , contact and fuse .

在维甲酸诱导腭裂组中，致密型强表达分布于腭突正中嵴处以及血管周围的间充质细胞中，前部腭突多于后部。

In the retinoic acid induced cleft palate group , strongly expression of dense type and distribution on the palatal median crest and perivascular mesenchymal cells , the expression of palatal anterior part more than the posterior part .

腭裂发生的主要机制之一是腭突上抬障碍，与舌的形状、体积以及是否下降直接相关。

One of the main mechanisms of cleft palate is the obstacle of palatal shelves '? horizontal elevation , this is directly relative to the sharp , the volume of tongue and whether it is withdrawl movement . The development of tongue began at day 11 ?

目的：观察地塞米松和维生素B12作用后腭胚突超微结构的变化。

Objective : To observe the alteration of mouse embryonic palatal ultrastructure after DEX and Vitamin B12 exposure .

4.2中鼻甲切除入路：此入路手术通道更宽广，蝶窦前壁可向侧方打开至腭骨及翼突内侧。

Middle nasal concha resection approach : This approach has a much broader surgical path , the anterior wall of sphenoid sinus can be opened laterally to the palatine bone and inside of pterygoid process .