内阁制

在政府组织方面，实行责任内阁制；

Implementing the cabinet system of responsibility in government organization ;

但是，美国实行总统制，英国等西方国家实行责任内阁制。

But America 's is presidential system while Britain 's is cabinet system .

其中，第二章为皇权体制下的内阁制。

Among them , chapter two analyses the cabinet system under the imperial system .

英国是西方世界首创内阁制的国家。

Britain was the first country in Western world to establish the cabinet system .

但在如何构造内阁制问题上，存在着分歧。

But on how to constructthe presidential government question , there are differences in them .

首先，本章考察了清末立宪思潮中关于内阁制的论争与设想。

First , this chapter examines the debates and ideas on the cabinet system in the late Qing constitutional though .

其主要内容有：主张建立责任内阁制，实现对国家和人民负责的责任政府；

The main ideas are setting up consul of ministers , realizing a responsible government for the state and its people ;

二是对宪政时期所要实行的议会制、内阁制和省自治制的制度设计。

Another was system designation of parliamentarism , cabinet sys tem and province autonomy system which would be practised in constitutional government period .

内阁制是行政制度的核心，因此从诞生之日起就不断地进行改革和完善以促进经济的发展。

The cabinet system is the core of the administrative system ; therefore it had been reformed to promote the economical development since its establishment .

责任内阁制系指享有主权的国民通过行使政治决断权产生出的代议制的政权组织形式。

The responsible cabinet system means the political organization form that the people who enjoy the sovereignty exercise their political discretion to build a representative government .

明代内阁制的缘起可追溯至相权与君权的斗争过程。

The origin of the cabinet system of Ming Dynasty could be traced back to the conflicting process between the premier power and the monarchic power .

其次，具体的制度建设是建立责任内阁制，组织政党，召开国会。

Second , the specific construction of the system is to establish the responsibility of the cabinet system , the organization of political parties convene Congress .

贵族寡头权力垄断和内阁制的形成发展，增强了18世纪英国混合制的特色。

It was the powers monopolization of aristocratic group and the formation and evolution of cabinet system that make the mixed constitution stronger in the eighteenth century .

第二部分为历史考察视野下的近代内阁制，即按照统治形态的不同对近现代中国内阁体制变迁进行研究。

This part investigates the changing of the cabinet system in modern China with the perspective of the historical survey in accordance with the different forms of rule .

只有到汉诺威王朝时期，当王权急剧衰落、议会主权地位确立后，早期的内阁制才完成了向责任内阁制的转变。

It only in Hanover Dynasty when the royal power declined rapidly and the sovereignty of the Parliament was consolidated that the earlier cabinet had transformed to responsible cabinet .

议会至上原则的确立是内阁制确立的前提条件，1868年的内阁更替标志英国内阁制的最终确立。

The establishment of the principle of cabinet superiority is the premise of the establishment and existence of the cabinet system . The 1868 substitution of the British cabinet symbolized the final establishment of the system ;

信息法庭指出，尽管政府声称这两次会议的保密性至关重要，大臣们公开谈论此事证明内阁集体负责制的原则没有得到尊重。

This , said the tribunal , was evidence of a dwindling respect for the doctrine of collective cabinet responsibility , to which confidentiality is said by the government to be so crucial .