相对工资

当产品的产出技能替代弹性大于0时，产业内贸易将会扩大相对工资差距；反之，将会缩小相对工资差距。

If the output elasticity of substitution is positive , intra-industry trade will expand the relative wage gap ; otherwise , intra-industry trade will reduce the relative wage gap .

本文在对现有的几个效率工资理论模型加以综合和改进的基础上，建立一个同时考虑到绝对工资、相对工资、失业率和监督成本等影响因素的、具有均衡解的效率成本模型。

On the basis of synthesizing and improving several existing Efficiency Wage Models , the paper establishes an Efficiency cost Model including the influences of absolute wage , relative wage , unemployment rate , and monitoring cost , which has equilibrium solutions .

南北贸易在拉大相对工资差距的同时促进了技能型技术进步。

North-South Trade has much the same impact on wage inequality as does skill-biased technical progress .

保护主义的源头之一，是全球化给非熟练劳动力相对工资带来的下行压力。

One source of protectionism is the downward pressure on the relative rewards of unskilled labour .

回归结果显示，制造业加工贸易能够对我国收入分配产生正向的影响，能够带动出口部门相对工资的提高。

And then the regression result is that the processing trade in manufacturing industry has contributed to an increasing in relative wages for skilled / unskilled labors in export sections .

看着英国人大幅贬值英镑，而相对工资成本亦随之而落，挣扎于高劳务成本与低生产率之中的意大利、西班牙等国是否会眼红呢？

Are Italy , Spain and the other countries struggling with high wage costs and low productivity eyeing Britain enviously , as its currency slumps and its relative wage costs fall with it ?

这必然给低技能人群的相对工资造成负面影响，尽管证据与人们的普遍看法相矛盾&人们普遍认为，这正是导致富国不平等加剧的最主要因素。

That must have had a downward impact on the relative wages of low-skill people , though the evidence contradicts the widespread belief that this has been a principal driver of rising inequality in rich countries .

索洛模型和萨默斯模型存在局限性，在建立效率工资一般模型时，应当同时考虑到绝对工资水平、相对工资高低和失业率对工人劳动效率的影响。

Solow Model and Summers Model have limitations . It is necessary to give consideration to the influences of absolute wages , relative wages and unemployment rate on labors ' efficiency at the same time when establishing General Model of Efficiency Wages .

本文分析了知识产权保护对世界工厂模式下相对工资率及经济增长率的影响，并用近5年中国的经验数据进行验证。

This paper analyses the effects of China 's intellectual property protection ( IPP ) on relative wage rate and economic growth in a technological diffusion model of China 's World Factory . And it is tested by the experience data in recent 5 years .

因为培训在短期内会影响生产率，进而也会相对减少税后工资。

The training interfered with their productivity in the short term , and hence with their take-home pay .

雇工工人的数量约占整个工人群体的三分之一，主要是是懂点知识的职员、技术工人和工匠组成，他们工作相对稳定，工资也有保障。

The number of employed workers accounted for about one-third of the entire workforce , mainly is acknowledged staff , technical workers and craftsmen , their work was relatively stable , and salary was guaranteed .

其成效集中表现在：有效提高了工资水平、有效实现了按劳分配和公平的原则、有效改善了工资关系与建立了相对稳定的工资管理制度。

The results were : the effective wage increase , effective and fair implementation of the principle of distribution according to work effectively to improve the relationship between wages and the establishment of a relatively stable wage management system .

相对生活费用来说工资是很低的。

Wages are very low in relation to the cost of living .

它在劳动力价值、劳动生产率、相对剩余价值、相对工资、名义工资、实际工资、价格、资本积累、劳动力供求和工资争议等一系列经济范畴上全面分析了市场经济的工资运动规律。

The wage theory thoroughly reveals the wage motion regularity concerning a series of categories , such as labour value , labour productivity , relative surplus value , relative wage , nominal wage in terms of market economy .