胚胎工程

ES细胞分离、克隆技术与遗传工程和胚胎工程相结合，对于阐明动物生长发育的基本规律、抢救和保护濒危动物遗传资源、建立先进的动物育种技术体系具有重大的理论意义和实践价值。

The ES cell separation and cloning technique combined with genetic modification and the embryo engineering showed promising theoretical and practical values in animal growth and development model , the protection of endangered species , and establishment of advanced animal breeding systems etc. .

胚胎工程技术及其在畜牧业中的应用

Embryo engineering technology and their application in animal production

目的测定长爪沙鼠、NIH小鼠和SD大鼠的血清雌二醇（E2）和孕酮（P）水平，为研究长爪沙鼠的生殖和胚胎工程提供基础资料。

Objective To make measurement of the estradiol ( E-2 ) and progesterone ( P ) level in blood serum of Mongolian gerbils , and to compare with those in NIH mice and SD rats .

细胞学及胚胎工程研究方法

Research Methods of the Cytology and Embryo Engineering

动物胚胎工程技术研究进展

Advance Animal Embryo Technique The Engineering

体外成熟的卵母细胞是体外受精、核移植、转基因动物等动物胚胎工程技术研究的基本试验材料。

In vitro maturation ( IVM ) oocytes are basic materials for modem embryo biotechnologies such as fertilization , nuclear transplantation and gene transfer .

胚胎工程技术：超数排卵和胚胎移植，胚胎克隆，胚胎干细胞系，异体受精等。

Embryo technology : Multiple Overlation and Embryo Transfer ( MOET ), embryo cloning , Embryo Stem cell ( ES ), Invitro Fertilization ( IVF )

胚胎工程技术所需的卵母细胞主要来源于屠宰动物的卵巢，其质量差异较大，必须进行严格挑选。

Oocyte for embryo engineering recovered from ovaries of slaughtered animals have been found highly variable in their quality , so have to be selected strictly .

随着胚胎工程技术在人类辅助生殖领域和家畜繁殖领域中的应用，科研工作和商业活动需要大量的优质胚胎。

With the application of embryo biotechnology in human assistant reproduction and animal reproduction , people need lots of high grade embryos for scientific research and commerce .

卵母细胞的成熟和体外培养条件是胚胎工程和发育生物学的重要组成部分，同时也是胚胎体外生产的上游环节，其成熟质量的优劣很大程度上决定了卵母细胞对供体细胞的重编程能力。

Oocytes maturation and in vitro culture systerm are important parts of the embryo engineering and developmental biology . The oocytes reprogramming ability is determined by the degree of maturation .

英国皇家学会前会长保罗·纳斯主要研究生物制药，他强调说中国已经在量子通讯卫星和人类胚胎工程方面取得了重大成就。

Paul Nurse , former President of the Royal Society , which focuses on biomedical research , has noted the major achievements China has made in quantum-communication satellites and human embryo engineering .

随着农业产业化的进程，特别是牛羊胚胎工程产业化的迅速发展，运用性别控制技术来加快这种产业化的进程显得越来越重要。

With the development of agriculture , and especially the rapid development of embryo engineering in flock and herds , the sex control has become more and more important in the farm animal industry .

利用卵母细胞体外成熟技术，可获得大量的廉价卵母细胞，既克服了超数排卵技术的局限性，又满足了胚胎工程技术发展的需要。

The technology of oocyte maturation in vitro was harnessed to obtain plenty of oocytes , which would not only circumvent the limitations of the superovulation but also meet the need of the embryo engineering .

对于某项具体的胚胎工程项目而言，胎儿过大综合征发生率从0%～100%，这就极大地限制了胚胎体外生产、核移植等繁育新技术在畜牧业上的大规模应用。

The incidence of large offspring syndrone subsequent to one project Daried from none to almost 100 % . This had greatly limited the large-scale use of new breeding methods in stockbreeding , such as IVP , nuclear transplant .

牛和绵羊在动物胚胎工程、动物克隆和转基因生物反应器等生殖生物领域研究中是很重要的家畜，但牛和绵羊卵母细胞体外成熟的机制还不是十分清楚。

Bovine and ovine both are very important livestock in the field of mammal reproduction study including embryo engineering 、 animal cloning and transgenic animal production , but the mechanism of bovine and ovine oocyte meiotic maturation is not completely clear .

互助县在2001&2004年先后从新疆呼图壁种牛场胚胎工程中心引进不同品种牛冷冻胚胎172枚，进行了胚胎移植试验。

In 2001 ~ 2004 , it was used to conduct the test of embryo transfer that 172 frozen embryos of cattle of different breeds were introduced into Huzhu county from the centre of embryo engineering in Xinjiang Hutubi Breeding Cattle Farm .

胚胎生物工程技术在现代生物工程技术中占有重要地位。

Embryonic bioengineering technology has a important position in bioengineering technology today .

胚胎生物工程研究进展与展望

Advance and prospect of Studies of embryonic bioengineering technology

超数排卵是胚胎生物工程中一个重要环节，完善的超数排卵技术构成了胚胎移植成功的先决条件。

Superovulation is an important step embryoes engineering , perfect superovulation technique makes up of the precondition of success in Embryo Transfer .

本文对禽类胚胎生物工程技术，包括禽类胚胎体外培养技术、禽类嵌合体技术和禽类基因转移技术的研究进行了综述。

The studies on biological engineering technology of embryo in birds , including the in vitro culture , chimera and transgenic birds are summarized in the essay .

随着胚胎生物工程技术的深入研究和不断发展，在我国开展对鹿胚胎体外生产技术的研究显得越来越重要与紧迫。

Along with the development of embryo engineering technique , it changes more and more urgent and essential to begin to study in vitro embryo production of deer in our country .

通过对小型猪培育的现状与前景、以及小型猪在胚胎生物工程领域的应用进行综述，重点介绍异种器官移植和转基因猪生产。

This article mainly describes the current status and prospects of the breeding of laboratory mini-pigs . The application of mini-pigs to embryO bio-engineering is reviewed , and the xenotransplantation and the production of transgenic pig are stated mainly .

我国奶牛胚胎移植和胚胎工程现状及十一五的重点研究领域

Present Situation of Dairy Cattle Embryo Transplantation and Embryo Engineering Techniques in China and the Important Research Field for the " 11th Five-year " Program

猪卵母细胞的体外成熟培养、成熟卵母细胞的孤雌激活和胚胎培养是胚胎生物工程技术的主要环节。

The culture of porcine oocytes maturation in vitro , parthenogenetic activation of MII porcine oocytes and embryo culture are main technology of embryo biology engineering .

胚胎性别鉴定是胚胎工程技术的重要组成部分之一，对家畜育种、生产和遗传疾病的防治均有非常重要的意义。

Embryo sexing is one of the important parts of embryo engneering techniques , which has played an important role in livestock breeding , reproduction and prevention of genetic diseases .

胚胎体外培养是胚胎工程研究的重要基础条件。因此，建立稳定、可靠的哺乳动物胚胎体外培养系统已成为当前这一领域的重要研究课题之一。

Objective To study the effects of culture media , types of culture dish and types of water used for preparation of media on the in vitro development of one-cell embryos in the mice of Kunming breed .

哺乳动物早期胚胎的体外培养是胚胎工程技术中一个重要的环节。

The technique of early embryos culture in vitro is an important tache to the mammal embryos engineering technology .

近年来，胚胎移植的商业应用和各种胚胎工程等方面的研究和开发都需要大量的优质早期胚胎。

In recent years , the business that embryo transplant application and the research of every kind of embryo engineering development all need a mass of high-quality earlier period embryo .

本实验旨在优化绵羊卵母细胞体外成熟、体外受精和胚胎体外培养体系，进一步推动胚胎生物工程的发展。

Abstract : In this study , the aim is to optimize the systems of IVM , IVF of oocytes and IVC of embryos in ovine and further promote embryo biology engineer development .

胚胎性别鉴定技术和性别控制技术为哺乳动物胚胎工程核心技术之一，该技术的优化和成熟，对胚胎工程技术在生产实践上的广泛应用具有重要的经济意义。

Embryo sex identification and sex control technology are key techniques in mammalian biotechnology , and the optimization of them have great value in the widespread application of biotechnology .