自由电荷

数值计算表明：当两个或多个奇点互相靠近且奇点中至少存在一个自由电荷时，Coulomb力将明显影响压电介质内的力电场，这时的Coulomb力将不能再被忽略掉。

The numerical results show that the Coulomb force for two or more singularities with one free charge at least will have much influence on the electromechanical fields in piezoelectric media when these singularities move closely with each other and therefore cannot be overlooked again .

电位移矢量■仅与自由电荷有关的条件

The Condition of Electric Displacement Vector Dependence Only On Free Charge

在特殊情况下，电位移矢量D仅与自由电荷分布有关；H仅与传导电流有关。

In special conditions , electric displacement vector D is in relation to free charges , magnetic field intensity H is in relation to conducting current .

首先分析的是因压电性和边界极化电荷所引起的作用在自由电荷上的Coulomb力。

The Coulomb force acting on the free line charge due to the piezoelectricity and the distributed boundary polarization charges was discussed at first .

极化电荷与自由电荷之间区别的演示实验

Demonstration on the difference between polarized charge and free charge

自由电荷对介电响应的影响不是单调的。

Effect of free charge on the dielectric constant is not monotonic .

求自由电荷与感生电荷间相互作用的两种方法

Two solutions of interaction between free charges and induced ones

D仅与自由电荷有关吗？

Does ■ only relates to free electric charge ?

等离子体激元是包含了自由电荷和光之间相互作用的共振模式。

Plasmons are resonant modes that involve the interaction between free charges and light .

电位移矢量D与自由电荷关系的讨论

A discussion on relation between the electric displacement and free charges in the medium

我们没有发现由于自由电荷所致的空间反转对称性破缺和印记。

The broken spatial inversion symmetry and imprint due to free charge are not found .

指出电容能量公式对于极板间存在自由电荷的电容并不适用。

The formula of capacitance energy is not proper to capacitors which have free charges among their plates .

但在一定的条件下，D-■仅与自由电荷有关，与束缚电荷无关。

But under certain condition , D depends only on free charge and has no relation to bound charge .

本文从理论上导出D-■仅与自由电荷有关的条件。

In this article , the condition , under which D depends only on free charge , is derived theoretically .

提出了电荷波和电流波的概念，推导了自由电荷波和电流波受到切向电磁力不为零的条件。

After the charge wave and current wave were defined , the condition for nonzero electromagnetic force on those waves was deduced .

证明了静电场中点电荷的禁闭条件是禁闭区外部为抗电介质，或者在禁闭区外排布镜像点自由电荷系列线。

The confinement_potential of point charge in electrostatic field requests anti_dielectric or mirror line of arranged free point charge out of confined region .

得出在均介质中，只有自由电荷分布的地方才有极化电荷；

It is concluded that when the dielectric is even , there emerge polarized electric charges only when there is distribution of free charges ;

在无自由电荷存在的外加非均匀场和偶极子相互作用的局部非均匀场作用下，粒子首先在空间聚集成链，然后沉积在基材表面。

Due to combined effects of the external non-uniform field without free charge and the local non-uniform field of dipoles , dielectric particles would aggregate into chains .

从电位移矢量D-■的定义式可知，一般来说D-■不仅与自由电荷的分布有关，而且还与束缚电荷的分布有关。

Knowing from the definition of electric displacement vector , generally D not only depends on distribution of free charge , but also on distribution of bound charge .

另一方面，我们基于一个热力学模型研究了铁电一顺电双层薄膜和超晶格中面自由电荷对极化强度、空间反转对称性和介电响应的影响。

On the other hand , based on a thermodynamic model , we study the interfacial free charge effect on the polar-ization , spatial inversion symmetry , and dielectric response in ferroelectric-paraelectric bilayer .

在自由电荷传输模型的基础上得到了电荷耦合器件电荷传输效率的表达式，编制了电荷耦合器件电荷传输效率优化设计软件。

Based on the free charge transfer model the expression of the charge transfer efficiency in CCD is obtained , and the software for improving the Charge Transfer Efficiency in CCD is programmed .

基于此，在忽略自由电荷影响的情况下，分析了在外加电场作用下纳米颗粒表面极化电荷引起的电势畸变分布规律。

Accordingly , after neglecting the surface charge effect , the potential distortion as well as its distribution caused by the surface polarization charge of the nanoparticles under an external electric field was analysed .

给出了极化强度与极化电荷及自由电荷的一般关系，指出了极化强度仅由极化电荷分布决定的充分条件。

It is given a formula about the general relationship between polarization and such charge as induced charge and free charge , and the sufficient condition that polarization is decided only by the distribution of induced charge .

因此，只有镜像点自由电荷系列线才能实现电荷禁闭，只有在强子外面存在作为抗色介质的（量子）真空区才能实现色电场的夸克/色荷禁闭。

Therefore no other than mirror line of arranged free point charge out of confined region enables to realize charge_confinement and quantum vacuum region as an anti_ color medium out of hadrons enables to realize color_charge / quark_confinement .

然后离散化算子方程，通过对导体和介质分界面的总电荷及介质和介质分界面自由电荷的自由空间二维格林函数分析，得出矩阵方程；

Then a discretization of the operator equation in a matrix formulation is obtained by using a 2-D free-space Green 's function in conjunction with total charge density on the conductor-dielectric interfaces and polarization charge density on the dielectric-to-dielectric interfaces .

高度有序的聚合物（给体）/PCBM衍生物（受体）共混物已经被研究。由于这样的层结构的存在，激子几乎能全部转变成自由电荷，电子和空穴可以在不同的相间转移。

Former research showed that highly ordered polymer ( donor ) / PCBM derivatives ( acceptor ) blends are expected , because in such layer exciton can almost totally convert to free charges , electrons and hole are able to transport in different phase .

从基本压电方程出发，推导出压电陶瓷执行器中晶片上的自由电荷中包含执行器的位移信息，进而提出一种新的基于积分器电路的压电陶瓷执行器位移自感知的方法。

According to the basic piezoelectric equations , the displacement information that is contained in the free charge of the wafers of the piezoceramic actuator is deduced , and then a new piezoceramic actuator displacement self-sensing method based on integral device circuit is brought forward .

运用计算机模拟Millikan油滴实验，结果表明，用Millikan油滴仪寻找自由分数电荷是完全可能的。

The result , obtained by a computer and on the analogy of Millikan 's Oil - Drop Test , shows that there is every possibility of detecting free fractional charge by using the oil drop apparatus .

半无限大均匀介质中置一自由点电荷激发的场&一幅在介质内场分布的正误力线图及有关解

Field of a Free Point Charge Located in a Semi-infinite Homogeneous Dielectric

界面上的自由面电荷所产生的电场，在界面两侧，以相反的方向叠加在原电场上，导致了电位移矢量的法向分量的不连续；

The electric field which is produced by free surface charge on the interface lies in both ends of the interface and is added to original electric field in opposite direction , which results in normal component discontinuation of dielectric displacement vector .