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preliminary

美 [prɪˈlɪmɪneri]英 [prɪˈlɪmɪnəri]
  • adj.预备性的, 初步的, 开始的
  • n.准备工作, 初步行动(或活动);预试, 预赛;序言, 开场白
  • adv.初步地, 作为起始/预备地

复数: preliminaries

pre- ...前的 + limin 门槛,限制 + -ary ...的

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preliminarypreliminary

adj.

预备性的;初步的;开始的
happening before a more important action or event

After a few preliminary remarks he announced the winners.

说了几句开场白之后,他即宣布优胜者名单。

preliminary results/findings/enquiries

初步结果 / 发现 / 调查

the preliminary rounds of the contest

预赛

pilot studies preliminary to a full-scale study

全面进行研究前的试验性研究

initial

noun

【不规则形式】pl. -ies

初步行动(或活动);预备性措施
a preliminary is an action or event that is done in preparation for sth

Research will be needed as a preliminary to taking a decision.

作出决定之前需要进行研究。

I'll skip the usual preliminaries and come straight to the point.

闲话少说,我就直接进入正题。

England was lucky to get through the preliminaries (= the preliminary stages in a sports competition) .

英格兰队幸运地通过了预选赛。

preliminary

频次

  • 1
    ADJ 预备的;初步的
    Preliminary activities or discussions take place at the beginning of an event, often as a form of preparation.

    Preliminary results show the Republican party with 11 percent of the vote...

    初步结果显示共和党获得了11%的选票。

  • 2
    N-COUNT 准备工作;初步行动
    A preliminary is something that you do at the beginning of an activity, often as a form of preparation.

    It had taken about ten minutes to cover the preliminaries...

    准备工作大概花了10分钟。

  • 3
    N-COUNT 预赛;初赛;初试
    A preliminary is the first part of a competition to see who will go on to the main competition.

    The winner of each preliminary goes through to the final.

    每场初赛的获胜者进入决赛。

noun

1
something that serves as a preceding event or introduces what follows
training is a necessary preliminary to employment
drinks were the overture to dinner
Synonym: overture prelude
2
a minor match preceding the main event
Synonym: prelim

adj

1
denoting an action or event preceding or in preparation for something more important;designed to orient or acquaint with a situation before proceeding
a preliminary investigation

数据来源:WordNet

  1. The development of this system provides preliminary achievement for realizing turning CAM .

    本系统的研制为车床CAM的研究提供了预备性的成果。

  2. They are taking preliminary steps in preparation for a possible war .

    他们正在为应付一场可能的战争做初步的准备。

  3. Research will be needed as a preliminary to taking a decision .

    作出决定之前需要进行研究。

  4. After a few preliminary remarks he announced the winners .

    说了几句开场白之后,他即宣布优胜者名单。

  5. I 'll skip the usual preliminaries and come straight to the point .

    闲话少说,我就直接进入正题。

  6. England was lucky to get through the preliminaries .

    英格兰队幸运地通过了预选赛。

  7. Preliminary results show the Republican party with 11 percent of the vote

    初步结果显示共和党获得了11%的选票。

  8. Preliminary talks on the future of the bases began yesterday .

    昨天开始了关于基地未来的初步讨论。

  9. The winner of each preliminary goes through to the final .

    每场初赛的获胜者进入决赛。

  10. Some preliminary polls show him out in front .

    一些初步民意调查显示他处于领先位置。

  11. A background check is normally a preliminary to a presidential appointment .

    总统任命前通常要进行背景审查的准备工作。

  12. It was agreed that another round of preliminary talks would be held in Peking

    经协商,新一轮的预备会谈将在北京举行。

  13. It had taken about ten minutes to cover the preliminaries

    准备工作大概花了10分钟。

  14. We have had several preliminary sittings in various poses .

    我们进行了几次预拍摄,摆了各种不同的造型。

  15. You all know why I am here . So I won 't waste time on preliminaries .

    你们都知道我来这里的目的。所以我就闲话少说了。

  16. A preliminary hearing was due to start today before Mr Justice Hutchison , but was adjourned .

    今天法官哈奇森先生本来要主持一项预审,但暂时休庭了。

  17. Preliminary investigations show the braking system on the Airbus had failed .

    初步调查显示是空中客车上的制动系统失灵。

  18. A physical examination is a preliminary to joining the army .

    体格检查是参军的初步。

  19. He has easily won the preliminary contest for the high jump .

    他轻松地通过了跳高预赛。

  20. They refused to negotiate unless three preliminary requirements were met .

    如果三项先决条件得不到满足,他们就拒绝谈判。

  21. A preliminary review of Mexico 's taxation found a fall in purchases of taxed drinks as well as a rise in sales of untaxed and healthier drinks .

    对墨西哥税收的初步审查发现,被收税的酒水购买力下降,而未征税的更健康饮品的销售量却有所上升。

  22. At preliminary hearings last month , concerns were expressed about access to financial support .

    在上个月的初步听证会中,各方对获得财政支持表示担忧。

  23. Preliminary results from Phase I and II clinical trials showed the vaccine reactions were mild .

    Ⅰ/Ⅱ期临床试验初步结果显示,疫苗能够触发3到17岁接种者体内的免疫反应,多数不良反应轻微。

  24. There are a lot of preliminaries to be gone through before you can visit certain foreigners .

    在访问某些外国人之前要做好许多准备工作

  25. They say while this is preliminary research , which needs to be confirmed , more must be done to clean up the oceans .

    他们说,虽然这是初步研究,仍需确认,但人们必须做更多的工作来清理海洋污染物。

  26. On July 24 , the young Zaza lost her match to Chinese - ­ Austrian athlete Liu Jia 4-0 during the preliminaries .

    7月24日,年轻的扎扎在预赛中以0-4输给了奥地利华裔运动员刘佳。

  27. To prevent the tiger from hurting anyone else , wildlife experts tranquilized the tiger and finally captured it . A preliminary examination was carried out immediately thereafter .

    为了防止老虎伤人,野生动物专家将其麻醉后捕获,并立即对其进行了初步检查。

  28. Article 18 . Where two or more applicants for the same or similar goods , the preliminary approval , after examination , and the publication shall be made for the trademark which was first filed .

    第十八条两个或者两个以上的申请人,在同一种商品或者类似商品上,以相同或者近似的商标申请注册的,初步审定并公告申请在先的商标;

  29. Where applications are filed on the same day , the preliminary approval , after examination , and the publication shall be made for the trademark which was the earliest used , and the applications of the others shall be refused and their trademarks shall not be published .

    同一天申请的,初步审定并公告使用在先的商标,驳回其他人的申请,不予公告。

  30. Preliminary Study on the Quality Education and School Physical Education

    关于素质教育与学校体育初探

前缀
e-...前的

predict v. 预测

pre- ...前的 + dict 说,断言

prefer v. 更喜欢

pre- ...前的 + fer 带来,拿来

prepare v. 准备

pre- ...前的 + par 平等,相等 + -e

present n. 目前

pre- ...前的 + -s- + -ent ...的

president n. 总统

pre- ...前的 + sid 坐 + -ent 某种人

pretend v. 假装

pre- ...前的 + tend 伸展

prevent vt. 防止

pre- ...前的 + vent 来

precise adj. 准确的

pre- ...前的 + cis 切,割 + -e

prejudice n. 偏见

pre- ...前的 + judice

prescription n. (条例、指示、命令、法令等)规定

pre- ...前的 + script 写 + -ion 行为,状态

preserve vt. 保护

pre- ...前的 + serv 保持 + -e

preview n. 预览

pre- ...前的 + view n.视力

precaution n. 预防措施

pre- ...前的 + cau- 小心 + -tion 行为

prescribe vt. 开药方

pre- ...前的 + scrib 写 + -e

presence n. 在场

pre- ...前的 + s- 存在 + -ence 性质;状态

prevail vi. 流行

pre- ...前的 + vail 强壮;价值

previous adj. 上一次的, 上一个的

pre- ...前的 + vi 道路 + -ous ...的

presume v. 假设

pre- ...前的 + sum 用,拿 + -e

premium n. 保险费

pre- ...前的 + em 拿,获得 + -ium suffix表示“身体的某部位”:pericardium

preside vi. 主持(会议、仪式等)

pre- ...前的 + side 坐

precede v. 先于

pre- ...前的 + ced 行走,服从 + -e

prevalent adj. 流行的

pre- ...前的 + val 强而有力的 + -ent ...的

precedent n. 先例

pre- ...前的 + ced 行走,服从 + -ent ...的

preclude vt. 使行不通

pre- ...前的 + clud 关闭 + -e

pretext n. 借口

pre- ...前的 + text 编织

后缀
e-...的

elementary adj. 初级的

element n.基本组成部分 + -ary ...的

necessary adj. 必需的

ne- 不,非 + cess 行走,撤退 + -ary ...的

ordinary adj. 普通的

ordin 命令 + -ary ...的

primary adj. 初级的

prim 第一,主要的 + -ary ...的

secondary adj. 次要的

second num.第二 + -ary ...的

literary adj. 文学的

liter 文字 + -ary ...的

voluntary adj. 自愿的

volunt 意志,意愿 + -ary ...的

arbitrary adj. 任意的

arbitr- 判断 + -ary ...的

boundary n. 边界

bound v.跳动 + -ary ...的

contemporary adj. 属同时期的

con- 共同,一起 + tempor 时间 + -ary ...的

imaginary adj. 想象中的

imagin(e) 想象 + -ary ...的

military adj. 军事的

milit- 兵 + -ary ...的

revolutionary adj. 革命性的

revolution 革命 + -ary ...的

rotary adj. 旋转的

rot 旋转 + -ary ...的

summary n. 总结

summ 总结,概括 + -ary ...的

temporary adj. 短暂的

tempor 时间 + -ary ...的

customary adj. 习俗的

custom n.风俗 + -ary ...的

stationary adj. 不动的

stat- 站,立 + -ion 行为,状态 + -ary ...的

anniversary n. 周年纪念日

anni- 年,一年 + vers 转 + -ary ...的

documentary n. 纪录片

document n.文件 + -ary ...的