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what

美 [wɑːt]英 [wɒt]

pron./det.什么;多么，真，太;…的事物（或人）;…的事物;不是吗，是不是;无论什么;和…一样多，就像…一样;凡是…的事物;<古>[疑问代词]谁;…那样的事物（或人）
adj.什么;所…的，…那样的;<口>哪个，哪些;多少;多么的，何等的
adv.多么，何等;某种程度上，部分地;到何种程度;在哪一方面
n.本质，实质，本体;要素
int.（表示惊讶、怀疑、气愤、喜欢或不喜欢等）什么
conj.<方>到…程度，尽…那样多

what

牛津词典

det.

什么
used in questions to ask for particular information about sb/sth

What is your name?

你叫什么名字？

What (= what job) does he do?

他是做什么工作的？

What time is it?

现在什么时候了？

What kind of music do you like?

你喜欢什么音乐？

…的事物；无论什么；凡是…的事物
the thing or things that; whatever

What you need is a good meal.

你需要的是一顿美餐。

Nobody knows what will happen next.

没有人知道接下来将会发生什么事。

I spent what little time I had with my family.

我仅有的一点儿时间都和家人在一起度过了。

多么；真；太
used to say that you think that sth is especially good, bad, etc.

What awful weather!

天气太糟糕了！

What a beautiful house!

多么漂亮的房子啊！

习语

informal

and other things of the same type

这里全都是旧玩具、书籍，以及诸如此类的东西。
It's full of old toys, books and what not.

BrE informal

to be punished/punish sb severely

她若再这样做，看我怎么收拾她。
I'll give her what for if she does that again.

used instead of a name that you cannot remember

她刚和老——你叫他什么来着——一块出去了。
She's just gone out with old what-d'you-call-him.

for what purpose or reason?

这个工具是干什么用的？
What is this tool for?

What did you do that for (= why did you do that) ?

你为何做那事？

‘I need to see a doctor.’ ‘What for?’

“我得去看医生。”“看什么病？”

what would happen if?

火车要是晚点会怎么样呢？
What if the train is late?

What if she forgets to bring it?

要是她忘记带来，会怎么样呢？

informal

used when admitting that sth is true, to ask why it should be considered important

是的，文章是我写的。那又怎么样呢？
Yes, I wrote the article. What of it?

informal

what things are useful, important, etc.

她当然知道轻重缓急。
She certainly knows what's what.

NAmE informal

used to ask why sb is behaving in a strange way

你怎么啦？整个上午你一句话都没说。
What's with you? You haven't said a word all morning.

NAmE informal

used to ask the reason for sth

怎么就这么一直走？难道我们就不能打辆出租车吗？
What's with all this walking? Can't we take a cab?

used to list the various reasons for sth

由于天气很冷，我的腿又不好，我已经好几个星期没有出门了。
What with the cold weather and my bad leg, I haven't been out for weeks.

柯林斯词典

what

频次

2
QUEST (用于疑问句中询问所不知道的信息)什么
You use what in questions when you ask for specific information about something that you do not know.

What do you want?...

你想要什么？
3
CONJ-SUBORD （尤用于动词和形容词后以引导关系从句）
You use what after certain words, especially verbs and adjectives, when you are referring to a situation that is unknown or has not been specified.

You can imagine what it would be like driving a car into a brick wall at 30 miles an hour...

你可以想象汽车以每小时30英里的速度撞向一堵砖墙结果会怎样。
4
CONJ-SUBORD (用在强调句型的句首)所…的(是…)
You use what at the beginning of a clause in structures where you are changing the order of the information to give special emphasis to something.

What precisely triggered off yesterday's riot is still unclear...

究竟是什么引发了昨天的骚乱还不清楚。
5
CONJ-SUBORD …那样的(事物)
You use what in expressions such as what is called and what amounts to when you are giving a description of something.

She had been in what doctors described as an irreversible vegetative state for five years...

她处于医生所说的不可逆性植物人状态已经5年了。
6
CONJ-SUBORD (用于指全部的量)所有的
You use what to indicate that you are talking about the whole of an amount that is available to you.

He drinks what is left in his glass as if it were water...

他把杯子里剩下的东西当水一样全喝了下去。
7
CONVENTION (表示已经听到对方的话，并请其继续说)什么事
You say 'What?' to tell someone who has indicated that they want to speak to you that you have heard them and are inviting them to continue.

'Dad?' — 'What?' — 'Can I have the car tonight?'

“爸爸？”——“什么事？”——“我今晚能用车吗？”
8
CONVENTION (用于没有听清或听懂时，请求他人再重复一遍刚说的话;不如 pardon，excuse me 等正式和礼貌)什么
You say 'What?' when you ask someone to repeat the thing that they have just said because you did not hear or understand it properly. 'What?' is more informal and less polite than expressions such as 'Pardon?' and 'Excuse me?'.

'They could paint this place,' she said. 'What?' he asked.

“他们可以粉刷这个地方，”她说。“什么？”他问。
9
CONVENTION (用于表示惊讶)什么，真的吗
You say 'What' to express surprise.

'Adolphus Kelling, I arrest you on a charge of trafficking in narcotics.'—'What?'

“阿道弗斯·克林，我以贩毒的罪名逮捕你。”——“什么？”
10
PREDET (用在感叹句中强调某种意见或反应)多么
You use what in exclamations to emphasize an opinion or reaction.

What a horrible thing to do...

做这样的事简直太可怕了！
11
ADV (用于猜测时)嗯，哦
You use what to indicate that you are making a guess about something such as an amount or value.

It's, what, eleven years or more since he's seen him...

打从他上次见他，已有，嗯，11年甚至更久了。
12
可用 what 和 like来对某人或某物的外表或特点进行提问，而不用how。例如，如果说 how is Susan (苏珊好吗), 是在询问她的健康状况。如果想问她的外貌，用 what does Susan look like (苏珊长得怎么样);如果想问她的个性，则用 what is Susan like (苏珊是个什么样的人)。
Y
13
CONVENTION 你猜怎么着，你知道吗(表示接下来的信息令人惊讶，很少有人知道或者需要强调 )
You say guess what or do you know what to introduce a piece of information which is surprising, which is not generally known, or which you want to emphasize.

Guess what? I'm going to dinner at Mrs. Combley's tonight...

你猜怎么着？今晚我要去康伯利夫人家里赴宴。
14
PHRASE (用于疑问句后，表示语气强烈地陈述观点，并希望他人赞同)难道不是吗，是不是啊
In conversation, you say or what? after a question as a way of stating an opinion forcefully and showing that you expect other people to agree.

Look at that moon. Is that beautiful or what?...

看看那月亮，它真漂亮，不是吗？
15
CONVENTION (用来暗指之前的话不重要、无趣或与己无关)那又怎样，那又如何
You say so what? or what of it? to indicate that the previous remark seems unimportant, uninteresting, or irrelevant to you.

'I skipped off school today,' — 'So what? What's so special about that?'...

“我今天逃学了。”——“那又怎样？有什么特别的吗？”
16
PHRASE (用于提出建议)我有个主意，你听我说
You say 'Tell you what' to introduce a suggestion or offer.

Tell you what, let's stay here another day.

我想，我们可以在这里再呆一天。
17
PHRASE (用于问句句首，表示提出建议或请求)…怎么样
You use what about at the beginning of a question when you make a suggestion, offer, or request.

What about going out with me tomorrow?...

明天和我一起出去怎么样？
18
PHRASE (用于引出与之前内容相关的新的话题或观点)那么…怎么样
You use what about or what of when you introduce a new topic or a point which seems relevant to a previous remark.

Now you've talked about work on daffodils, what about other commercially important flowers, like roses?...

既然你们已谈到了种植水仙花，那么其他具有重要商业价值的花卉呢，比如玫瑰？
19
PHRASE (用于请某人解释原因)…怎么了
You say what about a particular person or thing when you ask someone to explain why they have asked you about that person or thing.

'This thing with the Corbett woman.'—'Oh, yeah. What about her?'

“是跟那个科比特家的女人有关的事。”——“哦，是吗，她怎么了？”
20
PHRASE 诸如此类;等等
You say what have you at the end of a list in order to refer generally to other things of the same kind.

So many things are unsafe these days—milk, cranberry sauce, what have you...

现如今很多食品都不安全——牛奶、蓝莓酱等等。
21
PHRASE (用于疑问句句首，尤用于询问不希望看到的事发生时的结果)如果…怎么办
You say what if at the beginning of a question when you ask about the consequences of something happening, especially something undesirable.

What if this doesn't work out?...

如果这个不行怎么办？
22
PHRASE 重要的事情
If you know what's what, you know the important things that need to be known about a situation.

You have to know what's what and when to draw the line...

你必须搞清状况以及自己的底线。
23
PREP-PHRASE (尤指不想看到的情况的发生)由于，因为
You say what with in order to introduce the reasons for a particular situation, especially an undesirable one.

Maybe they are tired, what with all the sleep they're losing staying up night after night...

也许他们是太累了，考虑到他们成宿成宿地熬夜。
24
CONVENTION (表示不相信或不能接受某人刚说的话，或没有听清或完全理解)你说什么？
People say 'you what?' to indicate that they do not believe or accept the remark that someone has just made, or that they have not heard or understood it properly.

'I'm going to have problems sleeping tonight.' — 'You what?'...

“今晚我可能睡不着。”——“不会吧？”
25
what's more→ see:more

双语例句

1

What in the world did they think they were doing ?

他们到底认为自己在做什么？
2

What do you make of it all ?

你明白那都是什么意思吗？
3

It 's very different to what I 'm used to .

这与我所习惯的大不相同。
4

What 's the time , by the way ?

顺便问一句，几点钟了？
5

What time do you have ?

你知道现在几点了吗？
6

What is the current status of our application for funds ?

我们申请资金目前进展状况如何？
7

What made you choose the one rather than the other ?

你怎么选了这个而不是那个？
8

Things ain 't what they used to be .

现在情况不比从前了。
9

What 's her new man like ?

她的新男友怎么样？
10

Call it what you will , it 's still a problem .

不管怎么说，这仍然是个问题。
11

What time did you get back last night ?

你昨晚什么时候回家的？
12

What do you charge for this type of work ?

这种活你收多少钱？
13

If that 's what you think , you 're way off base .

你如果那么想就全错了。
14

Can you give me an example of what you mean ?

你能给我举个实例来解释你的意思吗？
15

What line of work are you in ?

你干哪种工作？
16

It 's a free country ; I 'll say what I like !

这是个自由的国家，我想说什么就说什么！
17

For years we had little knowledge of what life was like inside China .

以往很多年我们对于中国国内的生活情况所知甚少。
18

We will do what we can to help .

我们会尽力帮助。
19

What is the level of this course ?

这门课程是什么程度？
20

What difference will it make if he knows or not ?

他知不知道有什么关系吗？
21

You can 't stop people from saying what they think .

人们怎么想就会怎么说，你阻止不了。
22

What will the cities of the future look like ?

未来的城市会是什么样子呢？
23

What time did you come ?

你什么时候到的？
24

The content of the course depends on what the students would like to study .

课程的内容取决于学生愿意学什么。
25

What gives you the right to judge other people ?

你有什么权利对别人评头论足？
26

What 's the depth of the water here ?

这儿的水有多深？
27

What is the best course of action in the circumstances ?

在这种情况下最佳行动方针是什么？
28

What is she like as a person ?

她的人品怎么样？
29

What do you think you 're doing ?

你以为你在干什么？
30

What was your first degree in ?

你的学士学位是哪一科？

词语用例

习语

det.

and what have you

(informal)以及其他同样的东西；诸如此类
and other things of the same type

It's full of old toys, books and what not.

这里全都是旧玩具、书籍，以及诸如此类的东西。

get/give sb what for

(BrE informal)（受到）严惩；（被）痛打一顿，申斥一顿
to be punished/punish sb severely

I'll give her what for if she does that again.

她若再这样做，看我怎么收拾她。

or what

（强调看法）
used to emphasize your opinion

Is he stupid or what?

他真是傻透了。

（表示不肯定）还是别的什么
used when you are not sure about sth

I don't know if he's a teacher or what.

我不知道他是个教师还是别的什么。

Are we going now or what?

我们现在走还是不走？

what?

（没听见或没听懂时说）什么
used when you have not heard or have not understood sth

What? I can't hear you.

什么？我听不见你说话。

（听到对方的话并问他们要什么）什么事，要什么
used to show that you have heard sb and to ask what they want

‘Mummy!’ ‘What?’ ‘I'm thirsty.’

“妈咪！”“什么事？”“我渴。”

（惊讶或愤怒时说）什么，竟有这种事，真的
used to express surprise or anger

‘It will cost $500.’ ‘What?’

“这东西要花500元。”“真的？”

‘I asked her to marry me.’ ‘ You what? ’

“我向她求婚了。”“你说什么？”

what about…?

（提出建议）…怎么样
used to make a suggestion

What about a trip to France?

到法国去旅游一趟如何？

（用以引出话题）…怎么样
used to introduce sb/sth into the conversation

What about you, Joe? Do you like football?

你呢，乔？你喜欢足球吗？

what's-his/-her/-its/-their-name

（记不得名字时说）你叫他（或她、它、他们）什么来着
used instead of a name that you cannot remember

She's just gone out with old what-d'you-call-him.

她刚和老——你叫他什么来着——一块出去了。

what for?

为何目的；为何理由
for what purpose or reason?

What is this tool for?

这个工具是干什么用的？

What did you do that for (= why did you do that) ?

你为何做那事？

‘I need to see a doctor.’ ‘What for?’

“我得去看医生。”“看什么病？”

what if…?

要是…会怎么样呢
what would happen if?

What if the train is late?

火车要是晚点会怎么样呢？

What if she forgets to bring it?

要是她忘记带来，会怎么样呢？

what of it?

(informal)（承认某事属实，想知道为何重要）那又怎么样呢，那有什么关系呢
used when admitting that sth is true, to ask why it should be considered important

Yes, I wrote the article. What of it?

是的，文章是我写的。那又怎么样呢？

what's what

(informal)什么事物有用（或重要等）
what things are useful, important, etc.

She certainly knows what's what.

她当然知道轻重缓急。

what's with sb?

(NAmE informal)（询问某人为何行为古怪）…怎么啦
used to ask why sb is behaving in a strange way

What's with you? You haven't said a word all morning.

你怎么啦？整个上午你一句话都没说。

what's with sth?

(NAmE informal)（询问原因）为什么，怎么
used to ask the reason for sth

What's with all this walking? Can't we take a cab?

怎么就这么一直走？难道我们就不能打辆出租车吗？

what with sth

（列举各种理由）由于，因为
used to list the various reasons for sth

What with the cold weather and my bad leg, I haven't been out for weeks.

由于天气很冷，我的腿又不好，我已经好几个星期没有出门了。

同反义词

同义词

det.

all

adj.

any

what

牛津词典

柯林斯词典

what

2
QUEST (用于疑问句中询问所不知道的信息)什么
You use what in questions when you ask for specific information about something that you do not know.

3
CONJ-SUBORD （尤用于动词和形容词后以引导关系从句）
You use what after certain words, especially verbs and adjectives, when you are referring to a situation that is unknown or has not been specified.

4
CONJ-SUBORD (用在强调句型的句首)所…的(是…)
You use what at the beginning of a clause in structures where you are changing the order of the information to give special emphasis to something.

5
CONJ-SUBORD …那样的(事物)
You use what in expressions such as what is called and what amounts to when you are giving a description of something.

6
CONJ-SUBORD (用于指全部的量)所有的
You use what to indicate that you are talking about the whole of an amount that is available to you.

7
CONVENTION (表示已经听到对方的话，并请其继续说)什么事
You say 'What?' to tell someone who has indicated that they want to speak to you that you have heard them and are inviting them to continue.

9
CONVENTION (用于表示惊讶)什么，真的吗
You say 'What' to express surprise.

10
PREDET (用在感叹句中强调某种意见或反应)多么
You use what in exclamations to emphasize an opinion or reaction.

11
ADV (用于猜测时)嗯，哦
You use what to indicate that you are making a guess about something such as an amount or value.

13
CONVENTION 你猜怎么着，你知道吗(表示接下来的信息令人惊讶，很少有人知道或者需要强调 )
You say guess what or do you know what to introduce a piece of information which is surprising, which is not generally known, or which you want to emphasize.

14
PHRASE (用于疑问句后，表示语气强烈地陈述观点，并希望他人赞同)难道不是吗，是不是啊
In conversation, you say or what? after a question as a way of stating an opinion forcefully and showing that you expect other people to agree.

15
CONVENTION (用来暗指之前的话不重要、无趣或与己无关)那又怎样，那又如何
You say so what? or what of it? to indicate that the previous remark seems unimportant, uninteresting, or irrelevant to you.

16
PHRASE (用于提出建议)我有个主意，你听我说
You say 'Tell you what' to introduce a suggestion or offer.

17
PHRASE (用于问句句首，表示提出建议或请求)…怎么样
You use what about at the beginning of a question when you make a suggestion, offer, or request.

18
PHRASE (用于引出与之前内容相关的新的话题或观点)那么…怎么样
You use what about or what of when you introduce a new topic or a point which seems relevant to a previous remark.

19
PHRASE (用于请某人解释原因)…怎么了
You say what about a particular person or thing when you ask someone to explain why they have asked you about that person or thing.

20
PHRASE 诸如此类;等等
You say what have you at the end of a list in order to refer generally to other things of the same kind.

21
PHRASE (用于疑问句句首，尤用于询问不希望看到的事发生时的结果)如果…怎么办
You say what if at the beginning of a question when you ask about the consequences of something happening, especially something undesirable.

22
PHRASE 重要的事情
If you know what's what, you know the important things that need to be known about a situation.

23
PREP-PHRASE (尤指不想看到的情况的发生)由于，因为
You say what with in order to introduce the reasons for a particular situation, especially an undesirable one.

24
CONVENTION (表示不相信或不能接受某人刚说的话，或没有听清或完全理解)你说什么？
People say 'you what?' to indicate that they do not believe or accept the remark that someone has just made, or that they have not heard or understood it properly.

25
what's more→ see:more

双语例句

词语用例

同反义词

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what

牛津词典

柯林斯词典

what

2 QUEST (用于疑问句中询问所不知道的信息)什么 You use what in questions when you ask for specific information about something that you do not know.

3 CONJ-SUBORD （尤用于动词和形容词后以引导关系从句） You use what after certain words, especially verbs and adjectives, when you are referring to a situation that is unknown or has not been specified.

4 CONJ-SUBORD (用在强调句型的句首)所…的(是…) You use what at the beginning of a clause in structures where you are changing the order of the information to give special emphasis to something.

5 CONJ-SUBORD …那样的(事物) You use what in expressions such as what is called and what amounts to when you are giving a description of something.

6 CONJ-SUBORD (用于指全部的量)所有的 You use what to indicate that you are talking about the whole of an amount that is available to you.

7 CONVENTION (表示已经听到对方的话，并请其继续说)什么事 You say 'What?' to tell someone who has indicated that they want to speak to you that you have heard them and are inviting them to continue.

9 CONVENTION (用于表示惊讶)什么，真的吗 You say 'What' to express surprise.

10 PREDET (用在感叹句中强调某种意见或反应)多么 You use what in exclamations to emphasize an opinion or reaction.

11 ADV (用于猜测时)嗯，哦 You use what to indicate that you are making a guess about something such as an amount or value.

13 CONVENTION 你猜怎么着，你知道吗(表示接下来的信息令人惊讶，很少有人知道或者需要强调 ) You say guess what or do you know what to introduce a piece of information which is surprising, which is not generally known, or which you want to emphasize.

14 PHRASE (用于疑问句后，表示语气强烈地陈述观点，并希望他人赞同)难道不是吗，是不是啊 In conversation, you say or what? after a question as a way of stating an opinion forcefully and showing that you expect other people to agree.

15 CONVENTION (用来暗指之前的话不重要、无趣或与己无关)那又怎样，那又如何 You say so what? or what of it? to indicate that the previous remark seems unimportant, uninteresting, or irrelevant to you.

16 PHRASE (用于提出建议)我有个主意，你听我说 You say 'Tell you what' to introduce a suggestion or offer.

17 PHRASE (用于问句句首，表示提出建议或请求)…怎么样 You use what about at the beginning of a question when you make a suggestion, offer, or request.

18 PHRASE (用于引出与之前内容相关的新的话题或观点)那么…怎么样 You use what about or what of when you introduce a new topic or a point which seems relevant to a previous remark.

19 PHRASE (用于请某人解释原因)…怎么了 You say what about a particular person or thing when you ask someone to explain why they have asked you about that person or thing.

20 PHRASE 诸如此类;等等 You say what have you at the end of a list in order to refer generally to other things of the same kind.

21 PHRASE (用于疑问句句首，尤用于询问不希望看到的事发生时的结果)如果…怎么办 You say what if at the beginning of a question when you ask about the consequences of something happening, especially something undesirable.

22 PHRASE 重要的事情 If you know what's what, you know the important things that need to be known about a situation.

23 PREP-PHRASE (尤指不想看到的情况的发生)由于，因为 You say what with in order to introduce the reasons for a particular situation, especially an undesirable one.

24 CONVENTION (表示不相信或不能接受某人刚说的话，或没有听清或完全理解)你说什么？ People say 'you what?' to indicate that they do not believe or accept the remark that someone has just made, or that they have not heard or understood it properly.

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2
QUEST (用于疑问句中询问所不知道的信息)什么
You use what in questions when you ask for specific information about something that you do not know.

3
CONJ-SUBORD （尤用于动词和形容词后以引导关系从句）
You use what after certain words, especially verbs and adjectives, when you are referring to a situation that is unknown or has not been specified.

4
CONJ-SUBORD (用在强调句型的句首)所…的(是…)
You use what at the beginning of a clause in structures where you are changing the order of the information to give special emphasis to something.

5
CONJ-SUBORD …那样的(事物)
You use what in expressions such as what is called and what amounts to when you are giving a description of something.

6
CONJ-SUBORD (用于指全部的量)所有的
You use what to indicate that you are talking about the whole of an amount that is available to you.

7
CONVENTION (表示已经听到对方的话，并请其继续说)什么事
You say 'What?' to tell someone who has indicated that they want to speak to you that you have heard them and are inviting them to continue.

9
CONVENTION (用于表示惊讶)什么，真的吗
You say 'What' to express surprise.

10
PREDET (用在感叹句中强调某种意见或反应)多么
You use what in exclamations to emphasize an opinion or reaction.

11
ADV (用于猜测时)嗯，哦
You use what to indicate that you are making a guess about something such as an amount or value.

13
CONVENTION 你猜怎么着，你知道吗(表示接下来的信息令人惊讶，很少有人知道或者需要强调 )
You say guess what or do you know what to introduce a piece of information which is surprising, which is not generally known, or which you want to emphasize.

14
PHRASE (用于疑问句后，表示语气强烈地陈述观点，并希望他人赞同)难道不是吗，是不是啊
In conversation, you say or what? after a question as a way of stating an opinion forcefully and showing that you expect other people to agree.

15
CONVENTION (用来暗指之前的话不重要、无趣或与己无关)那又怎样，那又如何
You say so what? or what of it? to indicate that the previous remark seems unimportant, uninteresting, or irrelevant to you.

16
PHRASE (用于提出建议)我有个主意，你听我说
You say 'Tell you what' to introduce a suggestion or offer.

17
PHRASE (用于问句句首，表示提出建议或请求)…怎么样
You use what about at the beginning of a question when you make a suggestion, offer, or request.

18
PHRASE (用于引出与之前内容相关的新的话题或观点)那么…怎么样
You use what about or what of when you introduce a new topic or a point which seems relevant to a previous remark.

19
PHRASE (用于请某人解释原因)…怎么了
You say what about a particular person or thing when you ask someone to explain why they have asked you about that person or thing.

20
PHRASE 诸如此类;等等
You say what have you at the end of a list in order to refer generally to other things of the same kind.

21
PHRASE (用于疑问句句首，尤用于询问不希望看到的事发生时的结果)如果…怎么办
You say what if at the beginning of a question when you ask about the consequences of something happening, especially something undesirable.

22
PHRASE 重要的事情
If you know what's what, you know the important things that need to be known about a situation.

23
PREP-PHRASE (尤指不想看到的情况的发生)由于，因为
You say what with in order to introduce the reasons for a particular situation, especially an undesirable one.

24
CONVENTION (表示不相信或不能接受某人刚说的话，或没有听清或完全理解)你说什么？
People say 'you what?' to indicate that they do not believe or accept the remark that someone has just made, or that they have not heard or understood it properly.

25
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