上颌动脉

结论MRI能够显示鼻咽咀嚼肌间隙内肌肉、脂肪、上颌动脉主干、脑膜中动脉及下颌神经在鼻咽咀嚼肌间隙内的大体走行。

Conclusion MR imaging could demonstrate the muscles , fat , the course of internal maxillary artery and the main trunk of the mandibular nerve in the nasopharyngeal masticator space .

与上颌动脉结扎术有关的应用解剖

Applied anatomy related to the ligation of maxillary artery

对于Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型仅由上颌动脉供血且病变只位于鼻腔内的2例患者，单纯行上颌动脉超选择的聚乙烯醇微球（PVA）栓塞；

In the two cases of type ⅰ and ⅱ without blood supply of internal carotid artery , polyvinyl alcohol ( PVA ) embolization of internal maxillary artery were only indicated .

上颌动脉翼腭部的长度为14.8±2.9mm，管径为2.5±0.6mm；

The length and diameter of the pterygopalatine part of the maxillary artery was 14.8 ± 2.2 mm and 2.5 ± 0.6 mm respectively .

上颌动脉结扎治疗顽固性鼻出血患者的护理

Nursing of patients with uncontrolled epistaxis in the treatment of maxillary arterial ligation

上颌动脉栓塞治疗难治性鼻出血

Maxillary Artery Embolic Treatment of Refractory Nosebleed

比较不同断面、序列对上颌动脉及下颌神经的显示情况。

The appearances of internal maxillary artery and mandibular nerve in different sections and sequences were compared .

总结5例上颌动脉结扎治疗顽固性鼻出血患者的护理体会。

The paper summarized the experience of nursing 5 cases of uncontrolled epistaxis in the treatment of maxillary arterial li-gation .

探讨各种径路翼腭窝区鼻内镜手术入路的操作范围和手术标志：（2）了解上颌动脉翼腭段及其分支变异情况及其对手术的影响；

To investigate the anatomic variations of third portion of the internal maxillary artery and it 's branches in endoscopic approach ;

颞浅动脉与上颌动脉间、颈外动脉主干间的角度。

The angles between the superficial temporal artery and maxillary artery and between superficial artery and external carotid artery were determined .

其主要内容物包括上颌动脉翼腭段及其分支、上颌神经和蝶腭神经节等。

The pterygopalatine segment of maxillary artery and accompanying vein , the maxillary nerve and sphenopalatine ganglion are the most important structures .

根据耳屏间切迹到口角联线来确定上颌动脉起始部位。

The origin of the maxillary artery was located and delimited according to a designed line from incisure intertragica to angulus oris .

目的：为血管造影下上颌动脉翼腭部栓塞手术及鼻内窥镜翼腭窝区域手术提供解剖学资料。

Objective : To provide anatomy data for embolization at third portion of internal maxillary artery and endoscopic surgery approach to pterygopalatine fossa .

结果：①翼腭窝内有上颌动脉、上颌神经及其分支，以及翼腭神经节等重要结构；

Results : ① The main contents of pterygopalatine fossa included maxillary artery and its branches , maxillary nerve and its branches and pterygopalatine ganglion ;

【方法】对固定的成人尸体上颌动脉翼腭部进行显微外科解剖，观察腭降动脉与蝶腭动脉的关系，并测量腭降动脉和蝶腭动脉的外径及长度。

【 Methods 】 15 skulls ( 30 sides ) of corpse were microsurgical dissected to observe the relation between descending palatine artery and spheno palatine artery .

结果在犬的解剖中发现眼动脉发自上颌动脉，起点处与眶下动脉成夹角。

Results It was found that in dogs the opthalmic artery originated from the maxillary artery , and that its root formed an angle with infraorbital artery .

结论：眼动脉起源存在变异及异常交通支，在行上颌动脉栓塞前要评估是否存在这些变异。

Conclusions : The origin of ophthalmic artery is variable . It usually gives off abnormal communicating branches , which should be evaluated before embolismic operation of maxillary artery .

目的为临床下颌骨髁突手术相关解剖提供上颌动脉第一、二段的形态学资料。

Objective To supply the morphological data of the first and second segments of the internal maxillary artery for the clinical treatments such as cutting the condylar process of the mandible .

颞下窝主要与咀嚼肌相关，包括咬肌、颞肌、翼内肌和翼外肌，以及上颌动脉和下颌神经分支；

The infratemporal fossa is related to masticator muscles which include masseter muscle , temporalis muscle , lateral and medial pterygoid muscles , and also branches of internal maxillary artery and mandibular nerve .

颊脂体血供为多源性，主要血管蒂为上颌动脉的颊动脉和面动脉的颊支。

The source of blood supply of the buccal fat pad was manifold , The main vascular pedicles were the buccal artery of the maxillary artery and the buccal branch of the facial artery .

结论：新分型法对临床开展血管造影下上颌动脉翼腭部栓塞手术，鼻内窥镜翼腭窝区域手术及预防手术并发症的发生具有一定的指导意义。

Conclusions : The new method of classification is significant to treat embolization at the third portion of internal maxillary artery and guide endoscopic surgery approach to the pterygopalatine fossa and prevent of its complication .

翼外肌浅面：在下关穴区有上颌动脉及它的一些分支（脑膜中动脉，咬肌动脉，颞深动脉）的起始部，咬肌神经，颞深神经分布。

The maxillary artery and its onset branches ( the middle meningeal artery , the masseteric artery , the deep temporal arteries ), the masseteric nerve , the deep temporal nerves on the superficial layer of lateral pterygoid muscle ;

方法：在100侧人脑标本上观察眼动脉、视网膜中央动脉和异常眼动脉的起始走行和出现率，以及眼动脉和上颌动脉的交通支路径。

Method : The normal origins and distributions of the ophthalmic artery and the central retinal artery , the abnormal origins and distributions of ophthalmic artery , and the communication of ophthalmic artery and maxillary artery were observed and studied in 100 sides of adult brain specimens .

25侧标本中供应咬肌的动脉共有147支，其中上颌动脉发出的咬肌动脉25支，每侧1支；邻近动脉咬肌支共有122支，每侧约4.9支。

In 25 side specimens , the artery supplied masseteric muscle had 147 branches , of which masseteric artery come from maxillary artery had 25 branches ( one per side ) and the masseteric branch of neighbour artery had 122 ones ( 4.9 branches per side ) .

3例因鼻出血严重，经反复前鼻孔或前后鼻孔填塞都无效后，采用DAS的基础上颌内动脉末梢血管栓塞。

Cases who were not controlled by anterior and posterior nasal packing received DSA and embolization of internal maxillary artery .

行翼腭窝区域的解剖，观测其内部上颌神经、上颌动脉的分支、走行及相互关系。

To dissect the pterygopalatine fossa and observe the structures in it and the interrelationship .

目的：为临床顽固性鼻后部出血经上颌窦后壁径路上颌动脉结扎止血提供解剖学基础。

Objective : To provide anatomical basis in stopping clinical obstinate bleeding of posterior nasal by ligation of maxillary artery through the posterior sinus .

结果：经鼻腔上颌窦入路可充分显露翼腭窝，翼腭窝内主要结构是上颌动脉、上颌神经及其分支，所有动脉分支直径都<3mm。

Result : This pathway can lead to a good view of pterygopalatine fossa . The main soft structures in PPF were maxillary artery and nerve with their branches . The diameter of artery branches was smaller than 3 mm .