债的消灭

第四章，契约之债的消灭。

Chapter Four : Elimination of Contract Debt .

汉代买卖之债的消灭形式主要有清偿和抵消二种。

Han Dynasty of the eradication of the sale of debt outstanding and the form of mainly two kinds of offset .

罗马法以降的近代民法和现代民法中，提存都作为一项债的消灭原因与方式的制度流传下来，显示出其存在的价值。

In the neoteric and modern civil laws descending from Roman law , drawing has shown its value as one of reasons and means for the extinction of debt .

因此，为了交易迅速、保障交易安全及追求法律关系的简化，在某些情形下，虽然是向第三人为清偿行为，也应该承认其可以发生清偿的效力，使得债的关系消灭。

Therefore , validity of discharge will be approved in some circumstances of discharge to the thirty party in order to guarantee the security of dealings .

合同作为债的一种主要类型，无论是债的开始还是消灭，对于市场经济的作用都毋庸置疑，对于当事人的影响同样不可否定。

Contract as a major type of debt , whether it is the start of the debt or eliminated , no doubt for the role of the market economy , is equally undeniable parties .

混同是债消灭的原因之一，是某一具体之债的债权人与债务人合为一体，致债的关系消灭的法律事实。

Confusion is one of causes to eliminating debts and is to make creditor and debtor of some concrete debt into integration in order to form lawful fact of eliminating debt relation .

债的更新不仅符合合同自由和现代效率原则，而且对于债之移转、债的担保、时效以及债的消灭等制度的完善均有重要意义。

Novation of obligation not only conform to the principle of freedom of contract and modern efficiency , but also has great significance in consummating the following institution of civil law : transfer of obligation , guaranty of debt , prescription and termination of obligation .