分子和原子

根据量子理论，分子和原子具有的能量是量子化的。

The energy that atoms and molecules can possess according to quantum theory is quantized .

分子和原子间的关系跟单词跟字母之间的关系一样。

The relation between molecules and atoms is like that between words and letters .

吸引费米原子气体中分子和原子凝聚的同时性

Simultaneous Onset of Condensation of Molecules and Atoms in an Attractive Fermi Gas of Atoms

这种分子和原子钟目前正在发展中，预期能有很高的准确度。

Such a molecular or atomic clock is now being developed and promises to be very accurate .

猫眼星云的红外辐射由各种分子和原子产生。

The infrared emission from the Cat 's Eye is generated by a variety of elements and molecules .

其他工艺和技术，现在能使我们剖视这些亚细胞结构达到组成它们的分子和原子的水平。

Other tools and techniques are now making it possible to dissect these subcellular structures into the molecules and atoms .

它们涉及了，介质中分子和原子是如何运动，以及在介质中的相互碰撞。

They , actually , how the atoms and molecules are actually moving , and hitting each other inside this medium .

由于表面吸附物会增强硅纳米线的表面电子散射，所以吸附不同的分子和原子会使硅纳米线的电学性质降低。

Because the surface adsorption content will enhance the surface electronic scattering of the silicon nanowires , different molecular adsorption can make the electrical properties reduce .

激光在生物学和医学中应用的主要机理是激光的能量必须转化为其他形式，构成生物组织的分子和原子能够吸收激光的能量，而最终把它转化成其他能量形式。

The main mechanism of the application of laser in biology and medicine is that the molecule and atom of the tissue can absorb the energy of laser and ultimately transform it into other forms .

作为极其理想的一维共价体系，由碳单原子严格排列组成的碳链，拥有独特的物理和化学性质，被认为是构造分子和原子器件的理想功能材料。

As an ideal covalent system , carbon chain , a rigid linear chain of monatomic carbon atoms , is expected to function as the component of molecular devices due to their exceptional physical and chemical properties .

认为应利用现代先进的分析测试技术从分子和原子的水平上研究缓蚀剂在铜表面的行为和作用机理，加强现有缓蚀剂品种的复配技术、加药顺序和绿色环保型缓蚀剂研究。

It is suggested to use modern advanced analysis and test technologies to study the action and mechanism of corrosion inhibitors on copper surface and enhance the study on combination technologies , medicine addition order , green environmental protection .

土壤无机纳米微粒具有不同于其它宏观粒子、微观分子和原子的特殊性质，因而其在土壤生物化学反应调控方面必然具有重要的作用，必然会对土壤中微生物和酶的活性产生影响。

As soil inorganic nanoparticle ( SINP ) has some characteristics different from other macro-particle , micro-particle and atoms , it plays an important role in the controlling soil biochemistry reaction and has effect on soil microbe and enzyme activity .

NO分子和氧原子的高分辨离子谱实验研究

Experimental Study of High-Resolution Ion Spectra of NO Molecule and Oxygen Atom

高温高压下流体氢将发生离解化学反应，形成具有相互作用的氢分子和氢原子混合体系，此时粒子间的相互作用复杂。

Molecular hydrogen and deuterium under high temperature and high density conditions may undergo dissociation reaction , and thus transforms to an interacting mixture composed of molecules and atoms with complex interactions between constituent particles .

第四章是在理论优化的基础上，对双原子分子和三原子分子在调频脉冲激光场下的振动激发进行了研究，讨论了态选择激发和键选择激发的控制问题。

In the fourth chapter , after we optimized the method and reduced the computation , we study control for small molecules by intense laser fields , and discuss the state-selective vibrational excitation of diatomic molecules and bond-selective vibrational excitation of triatomic molecules .

还同时采用二台不同波长的染料激光器分别激发钠分子和钠原子，研究了不同激发态钠原子对钠分子高位激发态能量转移过程的影响。

The influence of Na atoms in different excited states on the energy transfer process between the high-lying states of Na_2 molecules also has been studied , when Na_2 molecules and Na atoms are pumped by two dye lasers ( in different wavelength regions ) respectively .

通过对高位态碱分子和基态原子碰撞转移的实验研究，为确定原子分子相互作用势，碰撞粒子的能量和寻找新的激光工作能级提供信息实验数据。

Through the experiment research of the collisional energy transfer between the high-lying state of alkali molecules and the ground state atoms , we get the information in order to ascertain the atom molecule interaction potential energy and energy partition , and to seek new laser working energy levels .

从巨正则配分函数的路径积分表示出发，在哈特利-福克-玻戈留波夫近似下，推导出了分子的BEC和原子的BCS凝聚的序参量的自洽方程。

The self-consistent equations for the order parameters of BEC of molecules and BCS condensation of atoms have been derived within the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approximation from the path integral representation of the grand partition function .

我们必须强调指出，该反应不只是两个分子碰撞和组成原子的碰撞。

We must recall that this reaction involves not just the encounter of two molecules and constituent atoms .

结果表明，该化合物通过配位水分子和羰基氧原子间的氢键作用，形成了三维超分子结构。

This complex has a3D framework supramolecular structure due to the coordinated water molecules via hydrogen bonds to the oxygen atoms of the carboxyl groups .

目前氧化锌的制备方法有很多，如：溅射法、脉冲激光沉积、分子束外延和原子层淀积等。

The preparation method of zinc oxide has many , such as : sputtering , pulsed laser deposition , molecular beam epitaxy and atomic layer deposition .

在此基础上，从理论上预测了气态原子结合成气态分子过程和气态原子到晶态分子过程中的自由能的变化。

Based on the above-mentioned calculations , we further predict the changes of Gibbs free energy from gas-phase atoms to gaseous molecules and from gaseous atoms to the solid-phase molecules .

以密度泛函理论表述的电负性定义及其均衡原理为基础，提出了一个修正电负性均衡方法（MEEM），可直接用于计算各类分子的总能量和原子电荷分布。

On the basis of electronegativity expressed in density functional theory and electronegativity equalization principle , the Modified Electronegativity Method ( MEEM ) has been developed , which allows the direct computations of the atomic charges and total energies in various molecules .

在分子格中成分和原子的等价定义

Equivalent definition of composition and atom on molecular lattice

采用分子动力学方法和全原子模型研究尿素和水分子对模型蛋白S-肽链结构转化的影响。

The effect of urea and water molecular to the S-peptide conformational transition in the protein sample was studied with all atom model by molecular dynamics method .

分子模拟是在分子和原子水平上提供复杂过程细节信息的有效手段。

Computer molecular simulation is especially suitable for providing detailed information of processes of complicated molecules at the molecular or atomic level .

考虑到分子相似性计算中分子和原子数据独立性的特点，本文最后根据对两个实验结果的分析总结出了解决分子相似性计算问题的三类并行方案并分析各个方案所适用的范围。

Taking into consider of the molecular and atomic data independence in the molecule similarity computing . Sum up three types of parallel methods of solving problem like calculating molecular similarity on the basis of the two experiments results . Analyse the scope of application for each parallel method .

在一定条件下，光与原子、分子相互作用会导致分子离解和原子中的电子电离。

The interactions between the light and molecular lead to the molecular dissociation , the interactions between the light and atoms can cause the electrons ionization .

比较了不同分子的几何构型、分子轨道、和原子电荷。

A comparison between the different molecules for the geometry , molecular orbital and atomic charge is made .

晶元包含128个双原子分子，采用周期性边界条件和体心立方结构，对于分子内和分子间原子相互作用采用双莫尔斯势。

A unit cell of bcc structure containing 128 diatomic molecules with periodic boundary conditions was considered . Compound Morse potential was assumed as the interactions of intra - and intermolecular atoms .