孤对电子

那么我们有多少孤对电子呢？

So how many lone pair electrons do we have ?

那么，哪个原子需要这对孤对电子呢？

So , which atom is in need of those lone pair electrons ?

p区重元素亚价态离子具有立体化学活性的孤对电子，对化合物的结构和性能都产生很大的影响。

The structures and properties of the compounds are profoundly affected by the unusual stereochemical effects of the so-called lone-pair electrons in heavy p-block elements in lower oxidation states .

本文研究了Pr（III）接受带孤对电子的有害气体SO2、HCHO、H2S和NH3作为配体的能力及其选择性。

It was studied on the adsorptive properties for such toxic gases as SO2 , HCHO , H2S and NH3 in this paper .

由于As（Ⅲ）具有一对孤对电子，聚合只能形成不饱和的三缺位Keggin结构AsW9O（33）~（9-）。

The lone pair of electrons on the As ( HI ) inhibits formation of the classic Keggin structure .

复合后部分聚苯胺红外吸收峰发生移动，这是由于聚苯胺内氮原子孤对电子和苯醌结构中的π电子向Sn原子空轨道转移造成的。

It was confirmed that transfer of lone pair electron on N atom and л electron on benzene ring and quinone ring to Sn 's 5d empty orbit lead to the shift of absorption peak of PANI ;

（NTO）2的电荷转移主要是由于一子体系中O的孤对电子向另一子体系中最临近的N-H反键轨道转移。

The charge transfer in ( NTO ) 2 occurs mainly between the lone pair of O atom and the N-H antibond .

IR和PVAc-Fe（Ⅲ）配合物的XPS测试结果表明，PVAc的CH3COO中羰基氧提供孤对电子与金属离子形成配位键。

IR spectra and XPS showed the complex PVAc-Fe ( ⅲ ) is formed by non-paired electrons from oxygen atom of CH_3COO group in PVAc with metal ions .

Zn价电子已满，含有孤对电子的硫族化合物不能在其表面发生化学吸附，故抑氢剂对纯Zn电镀的阴极电流效率影响不大。

However , the hydrogen inhibitor had little effect on the cathodic current efficiency of Zn electrodeposition , because in this case the S species with lone-pair electrons in the inhibitor was hard to be chemically adsorbed on the surface of Zn with fully-occupied outer valence electron orbit .

IR分析表明：PVAc-Cu（Ⅱ）配合物中PVAc链节中的CH3COO&中的羰基氧提供孤对电子与金属离子Cu（Ⅱ）形成配位键。

The IR analysis shows that the oxygen in carbonyl group of CH_ ( 3 ) COO in PVAc chain unit provides lone pair electron to form the coordinate bond with metal copper ion Cu ( II ) .

化石燃料中与有机硫相似的另一类孤对电子含氮有机化合物的存在对生产和环境造成许多危害。

Nitrogen containing organic compounds in fossil fuels are harmful to production and environment .

孤对电子对键能的影响不是原子间的效应。

The influence of lone pair on bond energy cannot be an interatomic effect .

另外还介绍孤对电子对分子键角的影响。

Effect of lone electron pair on bond angle was also introduced and discussed here .

而孤对电子有多少呢？

And , how many non-bonding ?

首先将孤对电子放在外围的原子，那儿具有较高的平均价电子能。

Place the non-bonding pairs on peripheral atoms first , which the higher average valence electron energy .

含氮、氧多齿配体铅配合物孤对电子与超分子作用的协同行为以及荧光性质的初步研究

Lone Pair , Supramolecular Interaction and Photoluminescence Studies of a Series of Lead ( II ) Complexes with N-O Donor Ligands

化石燃料和地球环境中存在着大量含硫，氮和氧孤对电子杂环化合物。

Study on Metabolic Chemistry and Biology of Heterocyclic Compounds with Lone Electron Pairs should be much significant for the theory and potential .

本文重点分析了孤对电子对分子构型的影响，从而确定分子的几何构型；

Effect of lone electron pair on molecule configuration was analyzed , with the aim to predictmolecule configuration by knowing its lone electron pair numbers .

研究中发现：首先，磷杂环丁烯结构中，对于中心磷原子上孤对电子的直接修饰，对于化合物吸收和发射谱线的位置基本没有影响。

We found : first , the direct modification of the P lone pair has little influence on the absorption and emission characteristics of the structure .

探讨了孤对电子对于缺陷态化学键的影响，证实了孤对电子在硫属玻璃中的重要作用。

The effect of lone-pair electrons on bonding in defect states is also discussed and it is shown that they play a significant role in chalcogenide glasses .

苯并咪唑具有一个含孤对电子的氮原子，从而使苯并咪唑类化合物具有很强的配位能力及分子识别能力，可以用于生物分子的模拟。

Because they have one nitrogen atom with lone pair electrons , benzimidazole compounds are endowed with capability of complex and molecular recognition and they can analogue biological molecule .

这一结构随电位的变化关系可以通过表面电势的变化对氨基氮原子上孤对电子与金属表面间相互作用的影响来加以阐释。

The reason for this potential dependency of the monolayer structure was suggested to the influence of surface potential variation on the interaction between lone electron pairs of amino groups with the metal surface .

分析得出，乙醚吸收紫外光、产生荧光光谱是其分子中氧原子上的孤对电子跃迁所为。

The analysis results show that the fact of the ethyl ether absorbs the UV-light and produces fluorescence spectrum comes from the transitions of lone-pair electrons in the oxygen atom of ethyl ether molecule .

然而，据我们所知，现有的量子化学程序中，尚无以图形表现分子的电荷分布，特别是键电荷和孤对电子电荷分布图的程序。

However , as far as we know , there is still no quantum chemistry program to exhibit the molecular charge distribution with graphics , especially the charge distributions of bond charge and lone-pair electrons .

在氧中，情况很类似，我们不能激发电子，因为无论如何我们都有两个孤对电子。

So in oxygen we have a similar situation where , in fact , we are not going to promote any of the electrons because we have two lone pair electrons no matter what we do .

这看起来整洁了不少，如果我们把氰化氢的路易斯结构画成这样的话，这样我们就有氢与碳之间的单键和碳与氮之间三键，然后还有一对孤对电子在氮这里。

So it looks a lot less messy if we just draw our Lewis structure like this for h c n , where we have h bonded to c triple bonded to n , and then a lone pair on the nitrogen there .

无机-有机复合材料部分主要是将有机胺类抑或季铵碱负载与分子筛上，利用其杂原子上的孤对电子或季铵碱产生的碱性应用于有机化学反应中。

Inorganic-organic composite materials , some of the major is an organic amines or quaternary ammonium base load and the zeolite , the use of its lone pairs of heteroatoms on the electronic or alkaline produced by quaternary ammonium base used in organic reactions .

这种表面猝灭中心对自激活蓝光和橙光发射都有猝灭作用，它们极有可能来自表面S~（2-）孤对电子的悬空键或Zn~（2+）空位。

These quenching centers can quench both blue emission related to the surface defects and the orange emission of Mn2 + impurities . They are most likely originated from the dangling bonds of the lone pairs on surface S2 ' or the Zn2 + vacancies .

根据分子光谱理论，经分析提出，该荧光是由甲醇分子中-OH基团的孤对电子跃迁产生的，荧光光谱的上述特性由电子的跃迁情况决定。

According to the principle of molecular spectroscopy , through analyzing , it has concluded that the fluorescence is generated by the transition of lone-pair electrons in – OH group in methanol molecule and the above property of the fluorescent spectrum is determined by electrons transition .

产生蓝移氢键的孤电子对的电子转移过程可以分为两种类型，这两种类型对分子的结构和稳定性的影响被讨论。

The charge transfer processes , which created the blue-shifting hydrogen bonds , can be classified into two types .