沉默子

β珠蛋白基因5′远端新沉默子的结构和功能

Structure and Function of a Novel Silencer in 5 ′ Flanking Distal Region of Human β Globin Gene

人体胚胎型ε珠蛋白基因5′旁侧一个沉默子（-392～-177bp）对关闭该基因在胎儿期的表达起重要作用。

The developmental stage specific silencing of the human ε globin gene during embryonic period is controlled , in part , by a silencer ( from - 392 to - 177 bp ) upstream of this gene .

为了筛选与沉默子DNA特异结合的蛋白质因子，将该保护区域的DNA序列作为靶序列，采用酵母单杂交系统对人胎儿肝cDNA表达文库进行筛选，并对获得的克隆进行序列分析。

In order to isolate genes encoding proteins that bind to this target element , a human fetal liver cDNA library was screened by using yeast one hybrid system .

通过凝胶滞留分析和荧光素酶报告基因检测系统，鉴定出人类β珠蛋白基因5′旁侧远端帽位上游-2132～-1822bp间存在一个活性沉默子片段（310bp）。

A novel silencer fragment ( 310 bp ) was recently discovered and identified to locate between - 2 132 bp and - 1 822 bp upstream from the cap site of β globin gene by gel retardation assay and luciferase reporter gene expression analysis .

植物病毒编码RNA沉默抑制子的研究进展

Approaches of research on RNA silencing suppressors encoded by plant viruses

禽类病毒RNA沉默抑制子的筛选及初步鉴定

Screening and Preliminary Identification of RNA Silencing Suppressor Candidates in Avian Viruses

与之相对应，很多病毒通过编码RNA沉默抑制子蛋白或直接以病毒RNA来拮抗植物的抗病毒RNA沉默。

Many viruses encode suppressors of RNA silencing , and some viral RNAs function directly as silencing suppressors , as counter-defense .

针对寄主的这一防御机制，许多病毒进化出相应的RNA沉默抑制子。

To counteract the host defense mechanism , many viruses have evolved suppressor proteins to overcome the resistance of the corresponding RNA silencing .

本文主要针对目前已经发现的由植物病毒编码RNA沉默抑制子的作用特征、鉴定方法以及作用副效应进行综述，并讨论了RNA沉默抑制子的研究及应用前景。

This reviewing paper is mainly focusing on the functional characteristics , identification of the suppressor proteins and the side effect during the processes , while the application and the prospect of suppressors studies are briefly discussed .

目前，沉默抑制子的鉴定和作用机理分析已成为病毒学领域的一个研究热点。

At present , gene silencing suppressor identification and functional mechanism analysis have become the research hot spot of virology . In this study , we selected several pathogenic proteins of Avian virus as RNA silencing suppressor candidates .

RNA沉默的病毒抑制子

Viral Suppressor of RNA Silencing

RNA沉默是植物体内固有的一种抗病毒防卫反应，而大多数植物病毒编码的RNA沉默抑制子可以克服这种寄主的防卫反应。

RNA silencing is a natural antiviral defense reaction in plants , and RNA silencing suppressors coded by most plant viruses can overcome the host defense reactions .