通道费

通道费问题，只不过是交易中相对优势地位滥用的一个典型事例，但却提出了一个相对优势地位滥用破坏竞争秩序的问题，需要法律给予规制。

Slotting fee is a typical example of abusing relatively dominant position , but it presented the problem of undermining the competitive order .

梳理了通道费的历史变迁和演变过程。

We retrospect the evolution of slotting fees and its changes in the history , analyze the reasons and basis of the slotting fee , and conduct an objective evaluation .

本文基于SCP分析框架，对零售商垄断势力下的通道费及其福利效果进行分析，并对相应的政府规制提出建议。

Based on S-C-P framework , this paper analyzes the slotting allowance and the welfare effects , and suggests the corresponding policies of regulation .

通道费的规制困境：买方势力抑或市场规则

Dilemma of Slotting Allowances Regulations : Buyer Power or Market Rule

通道费的规制失灵：基于双边市场的研究

Research on Regulation Failure of Slotting Allowances : Based on Two-sided Markets Theory

零售商垄断势力、通道费与经济规制

Retailers ' Monopsony , Slotting Allowance and Economic Regulation

竞争法视野中的通道费现象

The Phenomenon of " Circulation Fee " in the Eye of Competition Law

收取通道费的合理性及其社会价值

Reasonableness and Social Value on Collecting Thoroughfare Fees

跨国零售买方势力的福利影响与规制思路&以通道费为例的模型分析

Welfare Effects and Regulation Method of Buyer Power from Multinational Retailers-A Theoretical Model of Slotting Allowance

本文还以国美电器为案例分析了通道费收取的效应，从而与现实产生一定的对照。

The article further analyses the effect of the channels fee as a contrast with the reality .

因此，要研究零供之间的通道费问题，必须要从商品的需求和零售商品牌价值的研究开始。

Therefore , researches on slotting allowances between retailers and manufacturers must begin with analyzing commercial demands and brand value .

因此零售商利用市场相对优势地位收取不合理通道费已经成为世界各国零售商和供应商的矛盾焦点。我国亦不例外。

In worldwide scope , unreasonable fees charged by retailers have become the focus conflict between retailers and suppliers , not excepting China .

这意味着实践中的主要问题不是通道费该不该收，而是如何收。

This finding tells us that the main problem in practice is not the rationality of slotting allowance , but how to charge .

规模零售商凭借其渠道力量迫使生产商进行价格减让或收取通道费以支持其价格战。

The scaling retailers compel the producers to reduce the price by their channel power , or support the price war by charging channel fees .

大型超市利用这一市场优势地位，向供应商实施一系列的控制手段，如滥收通道费，签订霸王条款等。

Large-scale retail enterprises utilize this position to implement a series of control methods to suppliers , such as charging slotting allowance and signing overlord terms .

通道费是当前零供关系中的敏感问题之一，也得到国内外学者及实践工作者的热议。

Access fee is zero for the current relationship is one of the sensitive issues , but also by domestic and foreign scholars and practitioners of the hot .

现实中，随着零售业的变革，下游零售商很可能在产业链中成为主导企业，从而导致零售商要求生产商交纳通道费的现象十分普遍。

With the reform of retailing industry , retailers are becoming the dominant firms in industry chain , as a result of the prevailing phenomena of slotting allowance .

应当从实体的合理性和关联性角度来考量收取的通道费是否构成了反垄断法所规制的滥用市场相对优势地位行为。

The rationality and relevance of the entity should be the criterions to consider whether slotting fees collecting breaks the anti-monopoly regulation by abusing the market relatively dominant position .

在构建有序竞争格局方面，要规范通道费的收取，密切关注零售行业重组尤其是外资零售商的兼并重组，培育本土化大型零售企业。

Constructing orderly competition include regulating collection of channels fee , giving close attention to merger and recombination of retail business especially foreign retailers , cultivating the large retail enterprise localization .

2003年媒体爆出上海炒货业协会与家乐福因通道费引起工商关系紧张，更引起了舆论及学术界对此问题的关注与热议。

In 2003 , Shanghai See Nut Roasters Roasters Association was reported that had a tense relation with Carrefour because of slotting allowance , which attracted the concerns of media and academia .

与此同时，零售商和制造商之间的矛盾也在升级，其中最重要的争端在于大型超市向制造商收取通道费的合理性问题。

At the same time , the development has also brought the upgrading conflict between the retailers and the manufacturers . The most important dispute lays on the rationality of slotting allowance .

由于反垄断法的规定具有极大的原则性，如何适用反垄断法规制通道费需要探讨很多问题，法学界也为此做出了大量的理论探索。

Due to the provisions of the anti-monopoly law is of great principle , the application of anti-trust regulations need to be explored a lot of problems , and law scholars have made a great deal of theoretical exploration .

通道费是反竞争的，还是改进效率的？收取通道费是否合理？通道费是针对新产品还是成熟产品？通道费的福利效应如何？对于上述这些问题，学术界还存有较大争议。

Charging slotting allowance is reasonable or not ? Slotting allowance is according to the new products or the developed products ? What is slotting allowance welfare effect ? About these questions , there are disputes in academic circles .

一般认为通道费是市场势力作用的结果，或改进货架使用效率的要求及对广告的替代，本文认为通道费是零售商市场势力的产物。

Generally , slotting allowance is the result of market power , or the requirement of improving the using efficiency of shelf and replacement of advertisement , this paper think that slotting allowance is product of retailors ' market power .

实证数据分析表明，超市在营业收入增加的同时，其销售和管理等费用也在不断增加，这说明超市由于确实存在销售成本，因此获得一定的通道费补偿也是合理的。

As the Actual data shows that when the operating income increases , the sales and administration expenses also increase , which means that it is reasonable for the supermarkets to get some slotting allowances to make up its constantly increased costs .

当零售商拥有垄断势力后，他们凭借其在产业链中的优势地位，向生产商实施各种纵向控制手段，如收取通道费、要求生产商签订独家交易契约、开发自有品牌产品进入生产领域等。

When retailers own monopoly power , they will use their dominant status in the industrial chain implementing various vertical control means against producers , such as charging slotting allowance , requiring exclusive dealing contracts , tapping private brand goods and so on .

商务部等五部委于2006年7月13日联合通过《零售商供应商公平交易管理办法》对收取通道费行为中不合理现象的规制存在诸多不足。

Ministry of Commerce and other five ministries , in July 13,2006 , united to get the bill through " fair trade retailer supplier management practices " to collect access fees is unreasonable behavior of the regulatory system , which are a lot less .

现有的理论注重研究对可再生能源电力实行强制上网，忽略了由于存在网络接入瓶颈的存在，主导企业会对可再生能源电力提供歧视的接入服务，或者收取通道费增加垄断收入。

Current theories focus on research for renewable energy electricity compulsory Internet , ignores the existence of bottlenecks in the network . The existence of dominant firms to provide renewable power would afford discriminatory services , or charge fees to increase access monopoly revenue .