湍动

等离子体湍动电场对Stark致宽函数的贡献

The Contribution of Plasma Turbulence Fields to the Stark Broadening Functions

介绍了界面湍动的产生机理和形成条件，对4种不同Ra和Ma准数的情况分别进行了分析。

The creation mechanism and formation condition of interfacial turbulence were introduced , and four different situations of Ra and Ma number were analyzed respectively .

湍动等离子体散射对天体X射线谱的作用

The effects of turbulent plasma scattering on the X-ray spectra of celestial bodies

根据等离子体湍动波发电机方程（pω发电机方程），应用球坐标系统，得到了一组标量发电机方程。

Based on plasma turbulent wave dynamo equation ( p - ω dynamo equation ) and using spherical polar coordinates , a set of scalar dynamo equation is obtained .

实验结果结果表明：湍动状态下，牛顿流体与非牛顿流体宏观流动的差别主要在于CMC水溶液粘度增大而引起的主体流动减弱。

The main difference is that the velocity of CMC solution is weakened because of high viscosity .

Alfven波对日冕的随机湍动加热

Turbulence stochastic heating of corona by Alfven waves

该关系式表明伪湍动与空泡率成正比，并随颗粒Reynolds数的增大而趋近势流结果。

The result shows that the pseudo turbulence level is directly proportional to the void fraction and approaches the potential formula result with increasing particle Reynolds numbers .

利用2005年在赤道太平洋锚系系统TAO上得到的高分辨率、长期观测资料，在惯性-对流子域内通过温度梯度谱的尺度分析估算了热耗散率和湍动能耗散率。

Estimates of dissipation rates of thermal variance and turbulent kinetic energy are made by scaling temperature gradient spectra in the inertial-convective subrange from well-resolved measurements on the equatorial ocean mooring .

温度为110℃、CO2分压为1.488MPa时，材料表面极易形成腐蚀产物膜，但腐蚀产物膜局部有缺陷，在流体湍动剪应力作用下，局部腐蚀主要为台面状侵蚀。

But at the temperature of 100 ℃ and CO_2 pressure of 1.488 MPa , the corrosion product film forms easily , mesa attack corrosion occurs under action of mechanical forces of the turbulent flow .

ESF小尺度湍动谱簇射和非线性稳定性理论（Ⅰ）

Small-scale turbulent spectrum cascade and nonlinear stability theory of equatorial spread f & (ⅰ)

进一步的，本文建立了MTO过程的湍动流化床反应器模型。

Fluidized bed reactor simulation . A turbulent fluidized bed reactor model was developed for the MTO process , which included two parts .

另外，朗谬尔波对背景热电子有加速作用，计算v≈24vfe的一个热电子可加速到约6MeV.可见朗谬尔湍动对电子加速是很有效的。

Moreover , Langmuir wave accelerates thermal electrons . A thermal electron with v ≈ 24 v_ ( Te ) can be accelerated to 6 MeV and it seems that the acceleration of the electrons caused by Langmuir turbulence is efficient .

本文从弱湍动等离子体理论出发，由Vlasov方程导出了Maser效应作用机制下共振波的演化规律；

Starting from the theory of weakly turbulent plasma , we have derived from the Vlasov equation the evolution of maser generated resonance waves .

Marangoni效应是由表面张力梯度引发和维持的一种界面湍动现象。

Marangoni convection , which is a kind of interfacial turbulence , is induced and maintained by the surface tension gradient on the interface .

修正了大涡模型亚格子应力的湍动粘度，以改善大涡模型对壁面湍流的描述，在壁面处得到与DNS直接数值模拟相近的结果。

The eddy viscosity of subgrid-scale stress in LES model was modified in order to improve the description of turbulence near the wall , and the present results was close to those of DNS .

用LDV测量液相时均速度、湍动速度和雷诺应力，用PIV测量含气率和气泡运动速度。

The velocity , turbulent intensity , and Reynolds stress of the liquid was measured with LDV , while the hold up , velocity of gas were measured with PIV .

用广义Fokker-Planck扩散模型描述液相湍动对颗粒的挟带作用，用修正的BGK模型描述粒间碰撞效应，建立了封闭的颗粒相PDF输运方程。

A closed PDF equation for particles was developed by using a generalized Fokker-Planck diffusion model for particle entrainment into liquid turbulence eddies and a modified BGK model for particle collisions .

本文用Monte-Carlo方法模拟具有一维高斯型空间关联函数的湍动静电场，在此基础上通过积分带电粒子在该湍动电场中的运动方程，得到粒子系的相对扩散和绝对扩散的演化过程。

A Monte-Carlo method is used to simulate the turbulent electrostatic field with space correlation . Evolution processes of relative and absolute diffusions of charged particles in this turbulent field can be obtained by integrating equations of motion of the particles .

Marangoni效应是由于传递过程中相界面处产生表面张力梯度，引发的界面湍动现象，也称之为表面张力驱动的对流。

Marangoni effect , also called convection driven by surface tension , is a kind of interfacial turbulence which is induced by surface tension gradient happening in the interface during the transport .

当湍动元长度小于40km时，中介湍动场可以用微观和宏观湍动的组合来模拟，对大气模型及谱线轮廓的计算基本无影响；

The micro-and macro-turbulence approximation can be safely used when the correlation length is less than 40 km , and it has no great influence on the model calculations .

用该法拟合了Colebrook方程解的数据，得到一个计算管内湍动流体摩擦因数的显式新方程。

Fitting the data calculated by Colebrook equation with the above method , a new explicit equation for calculating the friction factor for the turbulent flow in pipes was obtained .

而相移为0o、180o和－90o的反馈却使湍动幅度增强。

On the other hand , the feedback with 0 o or 180 o or - 90 o phase shift can enhance the amplitude of the edge turbulence .

并且表明，在Langmuir湍动起伏场与规则电场联合加速的情形下，可以得到与观测事实符合得较好的高能质子的谱以及高能电子的幂律分布的谱。

And it has been shown that by considering the combined acceleration by Langmuir turbulence and a regular electric field , the spectra of energetic protons and the power-law spectra of energetic electrons , which are coincided with the observed data in a fair way , can be obtained .

甲醇制烯烃（MTO）是一个重要的煤化工过程，本文针对新型MTO动力学及MTO湍动流化床反应器的模型化展开详细研究。

Methanol to olefins ( MTO ) is an important coal chemical process . In this paper , modeling and simulation of the turbulent fluidized bed reactor applied to MTO process were carried out . The works include the following three parts : 1 .

管内湍动流体摩擦因数是雷诺数和相对粗糙度的二元非线性函数，由Colebrook隐式方程计算摩擦因数要用迭代的方法求解，很不方便。

The friction factor for the turbulent flow in pipes is the binary nonlinear function of Reynolds number and relative roughness . Calculating friction factor by implicit Colebrook equation have to use iterative algorithm , which is discommodious .

分别在直径为114mm和244mm的流化床中，采用压力探头和光导纤维探头考察了湍动流态化的上、下限及实验判别准则。

By using pressure probes and optical fiber probes , the upper and lower limit of gas velocity and the criteria of discrimination of the turbulent flow regime have been investigated in fluidized beds of 114 mm and 244 mm i.d.

在不同床径（φ57139280和475mm）的气－固流化床中对鼓泡流态化向湍动流态化的流型转变进行了研究。

Investigation on the transition from bubbling to turbulent fluidization based on computer analysis of the pressure fluctuation was conducted in gas-solid fluidized beds with different diameters ( 457 , 139 , 280 and 475mm ) .

在尘埃等离子体中传播时重力波可被电子密度垂直分层的结构反射而导致波能量的集中，它产生的湍动所导致的空间电子密度的不均匀性分布是极区上空PMSEs的可能机制。

When the gravity waves propagate in the dust plasma with stratified electron density , it can be reflected and lead to energy focusing which may cause turbulence . The irregularity of the electron created by the turbulence could be the mechanism of PMSEs above the polar region .

湍动流化床内相间传质系数的测定

The Measurement of the Mass Transfer Coefficient in Turbulent Fluidized Bed

质量传递过程中界面湍动现象的光学观察

Optical observation of structure of interfacial turbulence in mass transfer processes