酸碱催化剂

油脂酯交换催化剂有：常用酸碱催化剂、酶、固体碱、碘、金属配合物等。

The oil transesterification catalysts include usually used acid-base catalyst , solid base , lipase , iodine , metal complex , et al .

但是，传统均相酸碱催化剂在催化合成生物柴油的酯交换反应中存在产品、催化剂分离困难，分离时产生大量废水而污染环境等问题。

However , the traditional homogeneous acid-base catalyst in the catalytic synthesis of biodiesel transesterification is difficult to separate from the products , and a large number of waste water was generated in the separation , causing environmental pollution problems .

非均相酸碱催化剂协同催化Aldol反应

Study on the Aldol Reaction Catalyzed Cooperatively by Heterogeneous Acid-base Catalysts

应用电荷自洽离散变分Xα方法（SCCDVXα）和动力学实验，研究了酸碱催化剂对羰基化合物离子型反应的催化活性。

The catalytic activity of the carbonyl compound catalyzed by acids and bases had been investigated by self consistent charge discrete variation ( SCC DV X α) method and homogeneous kinetics measurements .

实验证明水与聚乙醇的结合可以在一定程度上起到酸碱催化剂的作用，从而避免了多组分反应中有毒的酸碱催化剂和有机溶剂的使用。

The combination of polyethylene glycol and water avoids the use of any catalysts and toxic solvents in these multicomponent reactions .

采用不对称催化剂、分子筛固体酸碱催化剂和生物催化剂等高选择性、高活性的催化剂；

Using super-active and super-selective catalysts , such as asymmetrical catalyst , molecular sieve solid acid and base catalysts , biological catalyses ;

研究非均相固体酸碱催化剂、催化的酯化反应过程及酯化产品的理化特性对生物柴油的生产技术进步和应用推广都有重要的意义。

The handles such as heterogeneous catalyst , related transesterification reaction and the properties of the reaction product were important for the improvement of bio-diesel production and application .

而目前的固体酸碱催化剂研究仍存在性能较低，催化剂作用机理研究较少等问题。

However , current studies on the application of solid acid / base are still insufficient : performances are still low ; reaction mechanisms of the catalysts are seldom discussed .

采用固体酸碱催化剂催化的酯交换反应过程避免了传统均相酸碱催化剂催化酯交换产品的分离困难和废弃催化剂的环境污染问题。

In comparison with traditional homogeneous acid / base catalyst , the heterogeneous acid / base catalyst could obtain a purer product and avoided some problems such as purification of product , separation and pollution of used catalyst .

讨论了酸碱催化剂的催化机理，以及以碱土金属为主体的双组分、多组分催化体系在控制和窄化分子量分布方面的研究成果，同时简要评述了其发展趋势。

The reaction mechanism of acidic and alkaline catalysts and the research results in the area of controlling and narrowing the molecular weight distribution by alkaline-earths based binary and multicomponent catalysts are reviewed and discussed with a brief forecast of its developing trend .

而在这一过程中，传统的均相酸碱催化剂存在设备腐蚀大、分离难度大、环境不友好等问题，因此，开发合适的固体酸碱催化剂是一个重要方向。

The traditional catalysts used in biomass conversion are homogeneous catalysts and some drawbacks are existed such as corrosion of equipment , separation problems and environmental unfriendly process . Therefore , development of solid acid / base is one of the ways to solve these problems .

由于水热体系中存有再浓缩现象，故在没有酸碱等催化剂存在的情况下，于本试验设置温度范围内是无法完全降解生物质材料中的纤维素和半纤维素组分的。

However , because there is existed a phenomenon of re-concentrated during hydrothermal process , it was very different to completely decompose the cellulose and hemicellulose components in the biomass without the presence of a catalyst such as acid and alkali , especially in subcritical water condition .

ZrO2是一种化学稳定性好、具有氧化还原性及酸碱性的催化剂载体，ZrO2与活性组分能产生较强的相互作用，在催化氢化、F-T合成和氧化等反应有着广泛的应用。

ZrO_2 is a catalyst support with good chemical stability , oxidation-reduction properties and acidity-alkalescence on its surface . ZrO_2 can interact rather intensively with active phases , and has extensive applications in hydrogenation , synthesis of F-T and oxidation reaction .

最后，考察了载体表面的酸碱性对催化剂催化性能的影响。

Finally , the catalyst performance modified by carrier was discussed .

载体的酸碱性对催化剂表面的积碳影响较大。

The acid-base properties of the supports had an important effect on the coke deposition on the catalyst surface .

取代基呈共轭酸碱对的催化剂的催化效率可以通过调节溶剂的供／受质子性质至最佳状态。

Besides , the catalytic performances of catalysts with substituents in conjugated acidic-basic pairs can be adjusted to optimal states by certain solvents with proton-acceptor / donor properties .