价差

因此，Roll（1984）认为有必要从理论上来推断和估计有效价差，他将推算出来的有效价差称为隐含价差（implicitspread）。

Therefore , Roll ( 1984 ) thinks that it is necessary to infer and estimate effective bid-ask spread . Roll calls the estimated effective spread the implicit spread .

据加拿大丰业银行（BankofNovaScotia）的经济学家称，这几乎是2005年以来历史最高价差的两倍。

That is almost double the historical spread since 2005 , according to economists at the Bank of Nova Scotia .

做市商靠赚取买卖价差生存。

Market makers earn their livings from the spread between buying and selling prices .

配有距离最近的座位的大型露天剧场（价差）。

Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover ( price difference ) ．

pricedifference=价差新车和二手车的价格总是有很大的差别。

There 's always a big price difference between a new car and a used car .

在这份特别报告（specialreport）出版之际，英镑兑美元汇率的价差徘徊在2.0108美元至2.0110美元附近。

As this special report went to press , the range for a pound-dollar spread hovered at $ 2.0108 to $ 2.0110 .

如果AH股市场接轨或市场分割消除，价差就会消失。

If A-share market and H-share market integration or market segmentation eliminates , the difference will disappear .

而HW模型则高估CBA，低估互换价差；

The HW model overestimates the CBA , so it underestimates the swap value ;

9月份，上海黄金交易所（ShanghaiGoldExchange）的金价一度比位于伦敦的全球主要交易市场的金价每盎司高出50美元，正是这一创纪录的价差刺激了中国的黄金进口。

In September , gold on the Shanghai Gold Exchange briefly traded $ 50 an ounce higher than the main global market based in London , a record price difference that encouraged imports .

大屏幕电视机当中，4K与HD之间的价差最大。

The difference in price between 4K and HDTV is greatest among the larger screen sizes .

以欧佩克15种原油与迪拜原油的价差，对美制密度（API）、硫的质量分数的相关性进行了统计分析。

Statistical analysis was made on the correlation of API and mass fraction of sulfur based on the price differences between 15 types of OPEC Crude oil and UAE Dubai crude oil .

欧盟委员会指出，去年，福特福克斯（fordfocus）在芬兰的售价比德国低近30%，是欧元区国家中最悬殊的价差。

Brussels pointed out that the price of a ford focus was almost 30 per cent lower in Finland compared to Germany last year the greatest difference among countries that use the single currency .

以恒生ah股溢价指数（hangsengchinaahpremiumindex）衡量，内地上市公司股价与香港股价的平均价差缩小6.2个百分点，至68.7%。

The average price difference of mainland listings over the Hong Kong price , as measured by Hang Seng China ah premium index , narrowed by 6.2 percentage points to 68.7 per cent .

列举了实际的分析算例，运用MonteCarlo随机模拟的方法，计算出了风险价差和商业银行盈亏平衡利率，分析了模型中参数的变动对风险价差的影响。

Through the Monte Carlo simulation the break-even interest rate and risk premium are calculated . The paper analyses the influence on the risk premium by changing parameters in the model .

在CDR方案的设计中，可以在CDR与基础证券的转换中设定一特殊中介&指定交易商，由其负责平衡两个市场之间的价差；

During the design of CDR , one agency qualified dealer may be designed to delete the price balance .

本文拟以A、H双重上市股票为例，深入分析价差产生的原因，揭示中国股票市场分割产生的根源。

This paper is organized to analyse the causes of the price difference , discover the origination of the saparation in china 's stock market with the dual-listed corporation on A , H stock markets as the example .

对于止损，我们基于VaR的思想来确定阈值，并通过GARCH模型来估计价差的波动率。第二：冲击成本的估算。

As to stop loss , we choose threshold based on VaR and estimate price volatility rate based on GARCH model . Second , estimate the impact cost .

如果说汽油可能涨到每加仑4.75美元的话，那么Insight可能会更经济一些，只需5年就可以把价差找回来。

If gasoline were to rise in price to $ 4.75 a gallon , then the insight would make a bit more fiscal sense , as its payback period would drop to five years .

IPO抑价指股票发行价格显著低于新股上市首日的收盘价格，因此认购新股的投资者能够通过一二级市场的价差获得超额收益。

IPO underpricing refers to the stock issue price significantly lower than the IPO first day closing price , investors can subscribe for new shares through a secondary market spreads for excess income .

对一支ETF基金进行大量交易，通常会缩小基金份额价差，从而降低散户投资者的最终成本。

A lot of trading in an ETF tends to narrow the spreads at which its shares are offered and thus lower the ultimate costs for individuals .

报告还进一步表示：这提出了布伦特原油价差是否反映了基本面的问题。经合组织（OECD）工业化国家的库存已反映了这一点。

The study further said : This raises questions about whether Brent spreads reflected fundamentals , as captured by inventories in the industrialised nations of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development .

而上海期交所与lme自今年年初以来的价差也一直不足以鼓励中国进口铜。

And the difference between Shanghai and LME copper prices has not been sufficient to incentivise imports into China since the start of the year .

MetalBulletinResearch的分析师JessicaXu说，铁矿石产品种类繁多，价差也不断变化。

' There are different kinds of iron-ore products out there , and their [ price ] differences are changing constantly , ' said Jessica Xu , an analyst with Metal Bulletin Research , which offers an iron-ore index in competition with Platts .

从目前国外学术界和业内基于债券定价原理对MBS的定价思路上，主要有三种定价模式：建立提前偿付模型法、期权调整价差法和期权定价法。

Now , it has three pricing modes of the MBS : the method of establishing a pre-payment model , the method of the option-adjusted spread and the method of the option pricing .

本文通过对一般股市风险进行理论概述，并对现有的风险度量方法进行优缺点分析，提出了在股指预测数据上建立列维分布VaR与价差率指标来度量我国股市总体风险的方法。

This article discussed risk for general stock market , and analyzed risk measurement methods which we have had , bring forwarded risk measurement method based on stock value forecast , which involve Levy VaR model and price diversity rate .

布伦特（Brent）原油价格与普氏能源石化产品综合价格指数的价差，已经从今年年初的约580美元逐步缩窄至330美元左右。

The price difference between Brent crude and Platts ' composite petrochemicals price index has steadily narrowed from about $ 580 at the start of the year , to about $ 330 .

新股抑价是指首次公开发行（InitialPublicOffering，简称IPO股票）价格明显低于新股上市首日的收盘价格，投资者可以通过一二级市场上的价差获得高额的初始回报率。

In the stock market , underpricing means the price of IPO ( initial public offering ) is extremely lower than the settlement in the first day of transaction ; the investors can gain excessive initial profit through the price gaps between the primary market and the parallel market .

在构造交易信号时除了采用非参数的方法，还考虑了价差序列符合Ornstein-Uhlenbeck过程的情况。

When constructing the trading signals , we also consider the case that the spread satisfies the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process in addition to using non-parametric method .

由于我国企业债券信用价差的影响因索不止有Merton结构模型所指出来的这些因素，而且还包括许多其它因素。

Because our country ' enterprise bond credit spreads ' influence factors are more than these factors who are pointed out by the Merton structure model , And also includes many other factors .

“信用价差已缩小，利率已降低，信贷市场的流动性已显著恢复，”花旗（citi）亚太区资本市场发起业务主管kenpoon表示。

" Credit spreads have contracted , interest rates are down and liquidity in credit markets has recovered significantly , " said Ken Poon , head of capital markets origination for Citi in Asia Pacific .