第三人侵害债权

第三人侵害债权的责任问题研究

Study On Liability of Third Party 's Infringing On Obligatory Right

第三人侵害债权制度研究

Research on the System of the Third Party Infringing Creditor 's Rights

其次是对第三人侵害债权行为的分类。

Secondly , is the classification of the third part infringement claims .

论第三人侵害债权的民事责任

Discussion on the Civil Obligation Violation by the Third Party

关于第三人侵害债权制度的概述。

An overview of the system on a third party infringement claims .

第三人侵害债权的主要特征有：a、主观要件上故意是原则，过失为例外；

The main characteristics of a third party tortious behaviors are the details asfollow ; a.

第三人侵害债权是社会经济发展的新现象，承认债权具有不可侵性，并不违背债权的相对性的原则。

The phenomena that a third party infringes on obligatory right is new in the development of society economy .

其次是具体讨论了关于第三人侵害债权制度的构成要件以及责任承担等。

Followed by specific discussions of the constituent elements of the system on a third party infringement claims , and accountability .

由于英美法中本身就并没有债的概念，因此第三人侵害债权的制度就根本不可能出现在英美法系中。

Anglo-American law itself does not " debt " system of a third party against claims impossible in the common law .

第三人侵害债权的构成要件包括四个，即故意、行为的违法性、损害和因果关系。

The important constructive conditions of a third party 's include four , namely intent , action illegality , damage , causality .

因此有必要对第三人侵害债权的相关法律问题进行探讨。

Therefore , it is very necessary to discuss the legal problems concerning the infringing of creditor 's rights of the third party .

但由于第三人侵害债权制度把债权作为侵权的客体，民法理论界对此一直争论不已。

However , due to a third party infringement claims system claims as infringing object , the civil law sector has been endless debate .

随着经济生活的日益发展，各国在20世纪普遍建立第三人侵害债权制度。

Since 20th century , many countries have established the system of the third party infringing creditor ′ s rights because of development of economy .

因此，研究第三人侵害债权救济制度具有重要的理论和现实意义。

Therefore , the study of the system of the legal remedy to the third party infringing obligatory rights has important theoretical and practical significance .

第三人侵害债权的责任承担方式根据侵权主体的不同，可分为单独侵权和共同侵权。

The third person against the claims of responsibility , depending on the subject to infringement can be divided into separate infringement and joint tort favors .

第三人侵害债权制度是合同法和侵权行为法为保障债权人的利益而相互渗透和融合的产物。

The system of infringement of obligatory right by third party is the result of combination of contract law and tort law for the benefit of creditor .

构建第三人侵害债权制度的理论基础为诚实信用原则。第三人侵害债权制度的构成要件不同于一般侵权行为的构成要件。

The theoretical basis of the System is the principle of good faith , and the essential conditions of it is different from that of the general tort .

第三人侵害债权不仅损害了债权人的利益，给经济秩序的稳定和公平竞争也带来了极大的挑战。

Infringement of third party claims not only damaged the interests of creditors , but also brought a great challenge to the stable economic order and fair competition .

第三人侵害债权是指债的关系以外的第三人故意实施侵害债权人债权并对其造成损害的行为。

The third person encroaching on creditor 's rights is the behavior that the third person encroaches on creditor 's rights and that do harm to it on purpose .

立法上的缺失与司法实践的需要形成了强烈的冲突，建立第三人侵害债权救济制度在现代社会经济条件下尤为必要。

Lack of necessary legislation and practice are in sharp conflict . It is necessary to build the system of the legal remedy in the modern social and economic conditions .

第三人侵害债权制度是侵权法突破债的相对性、保护债权人利益的重要制度。

The system of the third party " s infringement of creditors ' rights is an important system that tort law breaks the relativity of debt and protects the creditors " rights .

遗憾的是，尽管民法学者极力倡导在侵权责任法中纳入第三人侵害债权的内容，但最终的《侵权责任法》定案却并未涉及该制度的内容。

Unfortunately , although the civil law scholars strongly advocate that the Tort Law should involve the system of the third party infringing obligatory rights , the law system still fails to achieve the ultimate .

民法学者应当在行为自由和权益保护之间进行衡平考量，并进行类型化研究，从而构建我国的第三人侵害债权制度。

Civil law scholars should try to balance the freedom of conduct and rights and interests , and make classified research as well , aiming to construct the third party violating claims system in China .

然而在司法实践中，第三人侵害债权的形式多种多样，法律对此缺乏救济，导致债的关系存在一定的真空地带。

However , in judicial practice , the forms of the third party infringing obligation rights are varied . The lack of legal remedies cause there is a " vacuum " in the obligatory relationship .

否定说认为债权具有相对性，只能约束债的双方当事人，而且债权不具有典型的社会公开性，也没有明确的外观标志，承认第三人侵害债权对第三人是不公平的。

Negative theory hold the opinion that claims with the nature of relative , neither claims has typical social openness nor clear logo of appearance . It is unfair to the third party for acknowledging infringement claims .

其次，通过分析建立第三人侵害债权制度的障碍&债权的相对性，提出建立第三人侵害债权制度的理论依据和现实价值。

Secondly , it puts forward the theory basis and practical value of the system of the third party 's tort through analyzing the obstacle , the relativity of creditor 's rights , of establishing that system .

在立法模式的选择上，本文主张将第三人侵害债权纳入侵权法体系进行调整，并采用概括式加列举式的立法模式。

In the choice of the legislative model , it is proposed that the legal remedy system of the third party infringing obligatory rights should be write-in the Tort Law , and should adopt general and special statements .

自理论层面观之，双重买卖涉及物权变动、债权契约、第三人侵害债权、损害赔偿、特定物债权撤销权等一些有争议的基本理论问题，这些问题也须要厘清。

In the view of theory , double bargain is related with the change of rights over things , the obligation contract , the redress of wrongs , and other questionable basic theories , which should be made clear .

所以近代以来，各国都已不再坚持债权相对性理论，而是通过立法、学说、判例逐渐对第三人侵害债权制度予以承认。

Therefore , since the recent decades nations have given up the relativity of creditor 's right theory and recognized the system of the third person 's infringement on creditor 's right through legislation , doctrine and cases instead .

除了包括一般侵权行为所具有的免责事由外，第三人侵害债权还有三种情况可以免责，即正当竞争、履行职责和忠告。

Besides includes all causes exempted from liability in the general tort , a third party 's infringement upon creditor 's rights has yet three case which can be exempted from liability , namely justice competition , duty implementation and advice .