refrain
- vi.避免;克制;抑制;节制
- n.副歌;迭句;经常重复的评价(或抱怨);迭歌
过去式： refrained 现在分词： refraining 过去分词： refrained 第三人称单数： refrains
refrainverb
formal克制；节制；避免
to stop yourself from doing sth, especially sth that you want to do
Please refrain from smoking.
请勿吸烟。
He has refrained from criticizing the government in public.
他克制住了自己，没有在公开场合批评政府。
noun
经常重复的评价（或抱怨）
a comment or complaint that is often repeated
Complaints about poor food in schools have become a familiar refrain.
抱怨学校饭菜差已是耳熟能详的老调了。
副歌；迭歌；迭句
the part of a song or a poem that is repeated after each verse
refrain
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1
VERB 克制;忍住
If you refrain from doing something, you deliberately do not do it.Mrs Hardie refrained from making any comment...
哈迪夫人忍住不作任何评论。
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2
N-COUNT （歌曲的）叠句，副歌部分
A refrain is a short, simple part of a song, which is repeated many times....a refrain from an old song.
一首老歌的副歌部分
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3
N-COUNT 反复说的话;老调
A refrain is a comment or saying that people often repeat.Rosa's constant refrain is that she doesn't have a life.
罗莎总是重复的一句话就是她没有像样的生活。
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How shall I refrain from tears when we part ?
我们分手时，我怎么能抑制住眼泪？
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Matrine can refrain cell growth with the dependence of time and concentration .
苦参碱对K-562细胞有生长抑制作用，并呈时间及浓度依赖性。
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Complaints about poor food in schools have become a familiar refrain .
抱怨学校饭菜差已是耳熟能详的老调了。
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He has refrained from criticizing the government in public .
他克制住了自己，没有在公开场合批评政府。
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Please refrain from smoking .
请勿吸烟。
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When breaking in an engine , you probably should refrain from high speed for the first thousand miles
当磨合发动机时，最初的1,000英里里程内尽量不要高速行驶。
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Rosa 's constant refrain is that she doesn 't have a life .
罗莎总是重复的一句话就是她没有像样的生活。
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They refrained from genuflecting to the laws of political economy .
他们拒不向政治经济学定律顶礼膜拜。
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He appealed to all factions to refrain from violence .
他呼吁所有派系避免使用暴力。
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After 1760 few Americans refrained from condemning slavery as evil
1760年后，很多美国人都在谴责奴隶制的社会危害。
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Mrs Hardie refrained from making any comment
哈迪夫人忍住不作任何评论。
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For losing weight , she refrained from eating chocolate after supper .
为了减肥，她强忍着在晚饭后不吃巧克力。
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He refrained from smoking .
他忍住不吸烟。
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I made a terrific effort to refrain from tears .
我狠着心把泪止住。
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Can you refrain from laughter , my friends ?
各位不要大笑，好吗？
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She couldn 't refrain from smiling through tears .
她不禁破涕为笑。
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The boy refrained from tears .
男孩忍住没哭。
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Following the Harvard scandal , Mary Miller , the former dean of students at Yale , made an impassioned appeal to her school 's professors to refrain from take-hone exams .
在哈佛考试作弊丑闻之后，耶鲁大学的前教导主仼玛丽·米勒对她学校的教授们进行了饱含激情的呼吁，呼吁他们不要课下考试。
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He said he has also read related media reports but refrained from elaborating .
他表示他也从相关的媒体报道中得到了一些信息，但没有再细说。
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Mr Zha urges America to refrain from browbeating China into accepting distant targets for future reductions .
查先生敦促美国不要威胁中国为今后减少排放而去接受这遥远的目标
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It doesn ’ t mean you hide what you think or refrain from pressing someone who ’ s being unclear or evasive .
这并不代表要你隐藏自己的想法，或者对那些模棱两可的回答不进行深入追问。
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Refrain your tongue from backbiting .
不要在背后中伤人家。
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One of the most common refrains about the explosive growth of social media is that it makes many of us " narcissistic through our screens into a bottomless sea of inauthenticity .
对于社交媒体爆炸性增长原因，最普遍的一种说法就是因为它满足了许多人“自恋”的情结。太多人整天过于痴迷地盯着高清图片或是对着屏幕，沉溺在无尽的虚拟世界中无法自拔。
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If all you have to say in your email reply is “ Thanks , ” refrain from sending it . You ’ re just clogging an inbox .
回邮件时别只说一个“谢谢”，而没有别的信息，这是在给别人制造垃圾邮件。
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Digital detox refers to a period of time during which a person refrains from using electronic devices such as smartphones or computers , regarded as an opportunity to reduce stress or focus on social interaction in the physical world . ( Source : Oxford Online dictionary ) For example :
Digitaldetox指一个人远离智能手机和电脑等电子设备的一段时间，以借此机会为自己减压或将关注点转移到真实世界的社交活动中，我们称之为“数字戒毒期”。
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In the natural social order , people refrain from dominating others .
在自然的社会秩序中，人们独善其身。
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Refrain from using , giving , etc. ; use as little as possible ;
节制使用或提供，节约，省掉；剩下；
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You need to refrain from being the generous one in the group .
需注意，不要做团体中那个大方的人。
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For a price , he would refrain for a night , or even two .
开个价，他会因此收敛一晚，甚至两晚。
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How could he refrain from turning aside his head this time ?
这一次怎么能不把头掉过去呢？
指忍住不做某事，常后接介词 from。
He refrained from smoking.
他忍住不吸烟。
For losing weight, she refrained from eating chocolate after supper.
为了减肥，她强忍着在晚饭后不吃巧克力。
指因意识到不对而忍住不做某事或克制感情，也指阻止不好的事情恶化或继续发生。
They had to check the urge to laugh out loud, not wanting to upset Susan.
他们只得憋住不让自己大声笑出来，以免惹苏珊不开心。
Adequate measures have been taken to check the growth in crime.
已经采取适当的措施来阻止犯罪率上升。
It is important to check the growth of public spending.
控制公共开支的增长很重要。
指为了防止造成有害的影响而控制或约束某事物。
The government immediately took measures to curb the spread of the virus.
政府立刻采取措施控制病毒的扩散。
The policies to curb inflation have worked.
控制通货膨胀的政策见效了。
指妨碍某事物发展。
Too much time in front of the TV may inhibit children's learning.
看电视太多可能会妨碍儿童的学习。
Enough alcohol may inhibit the excitatory parts of the brain.
足够的酒精可能会抑制大脑中起兴奋作用的组织。
含义广泛，常指以武力阻止某人做某事，也指克制情绪、行为或控制、限制某事物。
The suspect had to be restrained by the police.
警察只好强行制住嫌疑人。
He restrained a feeling of annoyance, although his girlfriend was late again.
尽管女朋友又一次迟到，他还是忍住没发脾气。
She could barely restrain from crying in front of her best friend.
她差点就忍不住在最好的朋友面前大哭。
What factors could restrain consumer spending?
哪些因素会抑制消费支出？