质外体

进一步研究了水分胁迫和外源ABA处理下质膜NADPH氧化酶、细胞壁POD和质外体PAO的活性，发现处理后它们的活性均有增加。

Further studies showed that exogenous ABA treatment and water stress could enhance the activities of plasma membrane ( PM ) NADPH oxidase , cell wall POD , apoplast PAO significantly .

从质外体蛋白与P.expansum纤维素酶各组分相互关系上看，这种协同作用关系，主要表现为质外体蛋白-EG-BG的协同作用，而对在纤维素酶解过程中其起核心作用的CBH酶活力没有影响。

From the relations between apoplast proteins and each component of P. expansum cellulose , the main synergistic exhibition is apoplast proteins-EG-BG , and without any effect on CBH activity which is the core factor in the cellulase hydrolysis .

ABA诱导玉米叶质外体H2O2积累的机制

The Mechanism of ABA-induced Apoplastic H_2O_2 Accumulation in Maize Leaves

多年来，我室一系列研究表明植物细胞外普遍存在CaM，并且细胞外CaM作为质外体多肽，发挥许多重要的生物学功能。

Meanwhile , our previous experiments suggested that calmodulin exists in the apoplast of plant cells and has many physiological functions .

NaCl胁迫下玉米黄化苗质外体和共质体Na、Ca浓度的变化

Changes in Na and Ca Concentrations in the Apoplast And Symplast of the Etiolated Corn Seedlings under NaCl Stress

NO介导ABA诱导的玉米叶片叶绿体和质外体的抗氧化防护

ABA-induced nitric oxide accumulation enhanced the activities of chloroplastic and apoplastic antioxidant enzymes in maize leaves

接种VA菌根对花生根系质外体铁库形成的影响

Effect of VAM on formation of root apoplastic iron pool in peanut plant

一系列实验表明拟南芥原生质体质膜外侧可能存在CaM的结合位点，并且这种结合具有受体动力学特性。这为植物质外体CaM多肽信使的观点提供了进一步的证据。

All these data indicate that there may be CaM binding sites in the arabidopsis protoplast and CaM binding has characteristic of receptor kinetics .

NaCl胁迫对高粱成熟叶质外体和共质体中Na~+、Ca~（2+）浓度的影响

Effect of NaCl stress on na ~ +, ca ~ ( 2 +) concentrations in apoplast and symplast of the expanded leaves of Sorghum bicolor

以3个铝耐性不同的小麦品种为材料，研究了Al胁迫下小麦幼苗根系质外体和共质体抗坏血酸含量以及抗坏血酸氧化酶和过氧化物酶活性的变化。

Three wheat varieties with different aluminum tolerances were used to study ascorbic acid contents , and ascorbic oxidase and APX activities in root apoplast and symplasm of wheat seedling under aluminum stress .

储存玉米秸秆质外体蛋白没有内源性纤维素酶活力，而新鲜玉米秸秆有内源性EG活性，但它的稳定性较差，储存半年后基本降解或失活。

There is not endogenous cellulase activity in preserved maize straw , while apoplast proteins extracted from fresh maize straw possess endogenous EG activities , which is unstable and completely vanished after 6 months preservation .

这些数据暗示，水分胁迫诱导玉米细胞质外体H2O2的产生可能是由于水分胁迫下内源ABA的积累通过激活质膜NADPH氧化酶、细胞壁POD以及质外体PAO的活性而实现的。

Those results suggested that endogenous ABA accumulation induced by water stress can lead to the increases in apoplast H_2O_2 through up-regulating the activities of the PM NADPH oxidases , cell wall POD , apoplast PAO .

同时，‘Atlas66’质外体中还原型抗坏血酸含量在高浓度Al处理下显著升高，2个敏感品种则在低浓度Al处理下还原型抗坏血酸含量略有升高。

In the meantime , the reductive ascorbic acid content in root symplasm of ' Atlas 66 ' significantly increased in the treatments with a high Al concentration and those of the two Al-sensitive varieties slightly increased in the treatments with a low Al concentration .

消除内源性EG的影响后，新鲜玉米秸质外体蛋白对FPA活力、棉花酶活力、β-葡萄糖苷酶活力的促进率，以及CMCase的抑制率均高于储存秸秆的质外体蛋白。

After eliminating the effect of endogenous EG , the apoplast proteins from fresh maize straw have enhanced synergistic or inhibiting effects on FPA , Cotton lyase , β G and CMCase than those extracted from the preserved straw .

以上结果表明，水分胁迫和外源ABA通过诱导质膜NADPH氧化酶、细胞壁POD及质外体PAO活性的升高，进而在质外体产生H2O2，其中质膜NADPH氧化酶可能起主要作用。

These results suggested that exogenous ABA treatment and water stress can lead to significant increases in H_2O_2 accumulation in apoplast through up-regulating the activities of the PM NADPH oxidases , cell wall POD and apoplast PAO , and the PM NADPH oxidase play a major role .

质外体蛋白与P.expansum纤维素酶之间有明显的协同作用关系，这种协同作用关系，随着储存时间的延长而减弱。

There is an obvious synergistic effects relationship between apoplast proteins and P. expansum , and this synergistic effect decreases along with preservation .

合点细胞主要以质外体和共质体并存的方式运输养分，开花后24d以共质体运输方式为主。

The transport of photoassimilates in chalazal cells was by coexistence of symplastic and apoplastic pathways . The symplastic pathway was the main transporting way after 24 d of flowering .

潜在性缺铁条件下大豆根系质外体铁库的积累与利用

Fe Accumulation and Mobilization in Root Apoplast of Fe-deficient Soybean Seedlings

质外体&决定植物细胞发育命运的重要信号源

Apoplast & The Important Signal Source for Fate Decision of Cell Development

两种基因型豌豆根系质外体铁的积累与消耗

Accumulation and depletion of apoplastic iron in roots of two pea genotypes

小麦大豆间作对大豆根系质外体铁库累积与利用的影响

Effect of Wheat / Soybean Intercropping on Fe Accumulation and Mobilization in Root Apoplast

秸秆质外体蛋白对纤维素酶活力的影响

Effect of Straw Apoplast Protein on Cellulase Activity

利用转基因拟南芥研究质外体钙调素在植物生长发育中的作用

Research on the Function of Apoplast Calmodulin in the Growth and Development of Plant by Using Transgenic Arabidopsis

AM菌根和花生/小麦间作对花生根系质外体铁库形成的影响

Effect of VAM and Intercropping of Wheat with Peanut on Formation of Root Apoplastic Iron Pool in Peanut

结果表明随着储存时间的延长，可抽提的玉米秸秆质外体蛋白的数量逐渐减少，与P。

The results show that : the extractable apoplast proteins are gradually decreased during the preservation of maize straw .

我室前期研究表明，钙调素普遍存在于植物质外体，并且发挥着广泛的生物学作用。

Our previous studies showed existence of apoplast CaM in the plant cell and CaM had many extracellular functions .

质外体是木质部外方物质运动的一个重要途径，例如物质穿过根冠。

It is an important pathway for movement of these substances outside the xylem , for example across the root cortex .

通常情况下，在植物质外体中葡萄糖的含量较低，病原细菌往往利用糖异生途径合成葡萄糖用于代谢。

Generally , glucose is deficient in plant aplasma and bacteria can produce glucose from non-sugar compounds through gluconeogenesis for their growth .

随着压力的升高，细胞壁空间含水量增大，质外体途径导度增大，减小甚至可以消除非结构阻力。

With pressure increasing , the water content in intercellular spaces increases , and consequently reduces non structural resistance in apoplastic pathway .

胚乳细胞通过质外体转运降解物，而胚通过子叶表皮细胞从胚乳腔吸收胚乳降解物。

In endosperm cells the disintegrated material was transferred through apoplast whereas embryo absorbed the disintegrated material from endosperm cavity through cotyledon epidermis cell .