自我损耗

罗伊？鲍迈斯特（RoyBaumeister）和马克？穆拉文（MarkMuraven）于1990年开拓了这一基本理论，他们认为自我损耗背后的原理是自我控制和意志力是有限的认知资源。

Pioneered by Roy Baumeister and Mark Muraven in the1990s , the basic idea behind ego depletion is that self-control and willpower are limited cognitive resources .

自我损耗：关于自我调控的一种能量模型

Ego Depletion : An Energy Model of Self-regulation

自我损耗效应及其克服：积极情绪的作用

Ego-Depletion and Its Elimination : The Function of Positive Emotion

只有在行为上，高自我损耗的人才更倾向于选择和实施安全行为。

Only in behavior , high ego-depletion people tend to choose and implement safety behavior .

满足个体的自主需要可以克服自我损耗效应的负面影响。

The adverse impact can be overcome as individual need of autonomy was satisfied . 2 .

本研究的结果表明：（1）在认知领域中，自我损耗效应也是同样存在的。自我损耗会对工作记忆产生消极的影响。

The results showed that : ( 1 ) Ego-depletion had a negative influence on working memory .

有关坏情绪的标准理论源于心理学上的“自我损耗”。

The standard theory of bad moods is rooted in a psychological quirk known as ego depletion .

而心理学上研究的自我损耗&自我调控失败的一种，就与压力、能量损耗和情绪抑制等紧密相连。

From psychology perspective , ego depletion-one of the results of self-regulation , is closely related to pressure , energy consumption and emotional constraints .

启动个体的公平认知会和诱导个体的积极情绪一样，使自我损耗的个体恢复心理资源，相应减少不公平行为。

Starting fair cognition of the individual , the same as positive emotions induced by individual , individuals restored psychological resource of self-depletion and reduced unfair behaviors accordingly .

正式实验旨在考查自我损耗对理性冒险行为的消极影响并假设：产生自我损耗的人会减少理性冒险行为。

The formal experiments focused on examining the negative impact of ego-depletion on the rational risk-taking behavior , its hypothesis is that when people appear ego-depletion , they will reduce selecting and implementing the rational risk-taking behavior .

通过观看视频控制注意来诱发自我控制损耗，然后通过自我鼓励或者他人（教练）鼓励的方法诱发积极情绪。

Some participants saw the video , and control their attention . Then they were induced positive emotion by self-encouragement or others-encouragement ( coach ) .

《消费者研究杂志》上发表的一篇新文章扩展了自我控制与愤怒之间的联系，同时也将自我损耗模型变得更加复杂。

A brand new paper , published in the Journal of Consumer Research , extends this link between self-control and anger , even as it complicates the ego-depletion model .

对于自我情绪调控能力弱的消费者，在受到高水平的自我损耗的情况下，消费者更倾向于选择具有高炫耀性的品牌标识的产品。

When consumers experience high level ego depletion , they are more inclined to select the products with high brand conspicuousness . 2 .