努尔哈赤

朝鲜政府在16世纪早期开始收到来自努尔哈赤政权的官方文书。

The Korean government began to receive official letters from Nurhaci 's government in early1600s .

明朝的灭亡是一件长期的事情，它的覆灭早在1600年努尔哈赤统治的满族出现后就埋下了祸根。

The fall of the Ming Dynasty was a protracted affair , its roots beginning as early as 1600 with the emergence of the Manchu under Nurhaci .

努尔哈赤真是个小东西。

This nurhachi 's a real small guy .

努尔哈赤的兴兵与复仇汉代复仇所见之经、律关系问题

The Relationship between Classics and Decrees : on the Opinions about Revenge in Han Dynasty

琼斯博士为我找到了努尔哈赤。

Dr Jones found Nurhachi for me .

在他晚期统治中，明军在萨尔浒战役中败于由努尔哈赤领导的所谓的后金军队。

In his late reign , the Ming army was defeated by the leader of the so-called'Latter Jin'regime-Nurhachu in the Battle of Sarhu .

林丹汗在蒙古左翼与努尔哈赤较量，最后以失败告终后率领察哈尔本部西迁。

Ligden Khan fight against Nurhachi with the help of the Left Wing Mongols , but he was defeated and moved to the west with the Chakhar Tribe .

自努尔哈赤命令创制满文起，满文便开始取代蒙古文，成为清政权在关外辽东地区使用的主要文字。

Since Nurgaci ordered to create Manchu language , it has replaced Mongolian and become the main scripts outside the Shanhai Pass in Liaodong area of Qing government .

在杰出的将领袁崇焕的带领下，明朝得以不断击退满族人，其中最著名的是1623年（努尔哈赤被比自己兵力少得多的袁军所杀）以及1628年。

Under the brilliant commander , Yuan Chonghuan , the Ming were able to repeatedly fight off the Manchus , notably in 1623 ( where Nurhaci himself was killed by a much smaller force commanded by Yuan . ) and in 1628 .