地表火

该文简要回顾了地表火蔓延模型研究的发展过程。

The development of forest surface fire spread models is briefly reviewed in this paper .

灌木、草坡是地表火发生率最高，生产力最低的类型。

That brush and grass land are the types in which the frequency of land surface fire is the highest , productivity is lowest .

森林地表火蔓延的计算机模拟

A Computer Simulation on Fire Spread Over Wildland Fuels FOREST RECREATION

森林地表火蔓延模拟方法及其计算机实现

Method of Ground Fire Boundaries Spread Modeling and Computer Simulation

基于燃料床的小坡度地表火蔓延模型研究

Study on Model of Fire Spread Across a Fuel Bed in Small Slope

地表火的辐照度

The irradiance of surface & fire in forests

一种确定地表火蔓延边界的新方法

A New Method for Predicting Ground Fires Boundaries

峡谷地形中森林地表火蔓延实验研究

Study of Forest Fire Spread in Valley Topography

地表火的辐照度森林地表火火行为预测预报系统

The irradiance of surface & fire in forests a computer software for predicting ground fire behaviors

研究地表火蔓延过程中火线提供给地表面的辐照度，探讨风速、坡度对它的影响。

The irradiance from fire line to ground considering the effects of wind speed and slope were discussed in this paper .

结果表明，火力楠防火林带能有效地阻隔地表火和树冠火蔓延；

The results show that the extension of ground fire and canopy fire can be separated effectively by forest belt of fire prevention ;

该文通过对森林火蔓延模型的研究，建立了一种使用产生式原则的多模型森林地表火蔓延预测系统。

Through the study on the model of forecasting forest fire spreading , this research built a multi-model predicting system based on the production rule .

应用自行研制的多坡段固相材料火蔓延实验台，模拟森林地表火的蔓延过程，对变坡度情况下森林地表上坡火行为规律进行了实验研究。

In this paper , a solid phase material fire experimental bed , which has more slope segments , has been used to simulate upslope forest surface fire .

经过几十年的探索，国内外林火研究人员利用室内试验及野外火烧试验，对不同环境下森林地表火蔓延模型进行了研究，总结推导出许多地表火蔓延的经验模型及半经验模型。

Forest fire spread models under different environments have been studied for many years and experimental and semi-empirical models for predicting surface fire spread have been set up .

本文论述了南方林区森林火灾时间分布集中、发生率高、面积小，并以地表火为主的特征；

The forest fire in South China is special for its concentrative time-distribution , the high rate of occurence , the limited fire area and mainly with surface fire .

间歇型树冠火紧急避险方法要利用可燃物不连续分布的特点，选择有利地形卧到避险或选择火势弱的地表火冲越火线避险。

The ways of intermittent crown fire urgent avoid danger is take the combustible character of uncontinous distribution , lie in advantaged terrain or rush to fire line in weak surface fire .

一种森林火灾，从树冠到树冠常常高速蔓延超过地面火。可对地表火、树干火、冠火和草原火实施有效扑灭，极大地提高灭火效率。

A forest fire that advances with great speed jumping from crown to crown ahead of the ground fire . It can put out surface fires , branch fires , leaf fires and grass fires effectively .

作为森林生态系统重要组成部分的森林火灾，以从地表火到林冠火的多种形态影响着森林生态系统的树种组成、年龄结构和空间格局。

Forest fire , as an important part of forest ecosystem , has an critical effect on species composition , age structure and spatial pattern of forest ecosystem with a variety of forms from surface fire to canopy fire .

为了研究地表火卷吸作用的范围和迎面火与主火相互作用的机理，在大空间室内实验室进行了实验研究.在该实验室实验可以避免环境风和环境温度变化的影响。

In order to study the convection limits of surface fires and interactions between backfires and main fires , several experiments are conducted in a large space indoor laboratory : in which the effects of ambient wind speeds and changing temperatures can be avoided .

承德县人工针叶林地表枯死可燃物参数估测及潜在地表火行为评价

Estimation to Dead Surface Combustible Parameters and Evaluation of Potential Surface Fire Behavior of Artificial Coniferous Forests in Chengde County